NRSG 200 Quiz 7

O2

oxygen

O2 sat

oxygen saturation

OA

osteoarthritis

OB

obstetrics 

OD

overdose

OG

orogastric

OOB

out of bed

O&P

ova and parasites

OR

operating room

ORIF

open reduction internal fixation

OT

occupational therapy

OTC

over the counter

q

every

qh

every hour

qid

four times per day

RBC

red blood cell

RDA

recommended daily/dietary allowance

RLL

right lower lobe

RLQ

right lower quadrant

RML

right middle lobe

RN

registered nurse

R/O

rule out

ROM

range of motion

ROS

review of systems

RR

respiration rate

RT

respiratory therapist

RUL

right upper lobe

RUQ

right upper quadrant

RV

right ventricle

RX

pharmacy

s-

without

SaO2

arterial oxygen percent saturation

SBP

systolic blood pressure

SCD

sequential compression device

SCI

spinal cord injury

SICU

surgical intensive care unit

SL

sublingual

SLE

systemic lupus erythematosus

SNF

skilled nursing facility

SOB

shortness of breathe

S/P

status post

sp. gr.

specific gravity

STAT

immediately

STI

sexually transmitted infection

Sub Q

subcutaneous

SVC

superior vena cava

SVR

systemic vascular resistance

Sx

symptom(s)

anuria

absence of urine production

blood urea nitrogen

lab test that measures the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood, used to assess kidney function

creatinine clearance

measure of how well your kidneys are filtering waste from your blood

dialysis

medical procedure that cleans and filters blood when the kidneys fail

diuretic

medications that increase urine production to remove excess sodium and water from the body

dysuria

painful or burning urination, often caused by a UTI but also by STIs, inflammation, or irritation from products 

enuresis

involuntary urination

ileal conduit

surgical procedure that creates a new pathway for urine to drain from the kidneys to the outside of the body 

nephrostomy

procedure that involves inserting a thin tube (catheter) into the kidney to drain urine directly into a drainage bag

neurogenic bladder

condition where the nerves that control the bladder are damaged, leading to abnormal bladder function

nocturia

needing to wake up at night to urinate more than once

oliguria

decreased urine output, producing less than 400 mL of urine per day

polyuria

excessive or abnormally large production of urine

polydipsia

excessive thirst and drinking

postvoid residual 

the amount of urine left in the bladder after voiding and is used to diagnose issues like urinary retention or incomplete emptying 

stress incontinence

the involuntary leakage of urine caused by sudden pressure on the bladder, such as from coughing, laughing, sneezing, or heavy lifting

suprapubic catheter

medical device that helps drain urine from your bladder through a small incision in the abdomen 

urinary frequency

the need to urinate more often than usual

urinary hesitancy

difficulty peeing, including trouble starting, a slow urine flow or dribbling

urinary urgency

a sudden, intense need to urinate that is difficult to control

urinary retention

a condition where a person is unable to empty their bladder completely; can be acute or chronic 

cathartics

substances that accelerate BM to purge the GI tract to eliminate toxins or prepare the bowel for medical procedures

carminative

a type of enema that helps get rid of gas and bloating

colostomy

surgical procedure that creates an opening in the abdomen to divert stool from the colon to an external bag

constipation

digestive condition characterized by infrequent or incomplete BM, resulting in hard, dry stools that are difficult to pass

defecation

act of expelling feces from the digestive tract via the anus

diarrhea

condition characterized by frequent, loose, and watery stools

effluent

liquid waste or sewage discharged into a river or the sea

enema

installation of a liquid solution through the anus to relieve constipation or cleanse the bowel in preparation for diagnostic testing, procedure, or surgery

fecal impaction

condition where a hard, dry mass of stool becomes trapped in the rectum or colon

flatus

gas in or from the stomach or intestines, produced by swallowing air or by bacterial fermentation

gastrocolic reflex

physiological response that occurs when food enters the stomach and triggers contractions in the colon; helps move food through the digestive system and facilitates BM

jejunostomy

surgical procedure that creates an opening in the jejunum for feeding or other medical purposes

ileostomy

surgical procedure that creates an opening in the abdominal wall through which waste from the small intestine can be discharged into a bag

hemorrhoids

swollen and enlarged veins in the rectum and anus

laxatives

medications or substances that promote BM by softening stools and stimulating intestinal contractions

peristalsis

series of involuntary, wave-like muscle contractions that push the contents of the intestine or other canals forward

stoma

surgically created opening in the abdomen that allows waste to exit the body and be collected in a bag