cell size and compartmentalization

ib bio unit 4

the phospholipid bilayer

what are all internal membranes made up of

it increases the size of the cell membrane

exocytosis impact on cell size

decreases the size of the cell membrane

endocytosis impact on cell size

membrane fluidity

what allows for seamless transition into/out of the cell membrane

large cells need lots of nutrients and energy to survive. they also generate lots of waste.

why large cells are inefficient

small cells are more efficient as it takes less time for them to transport materials

why most cells are small

must be large in order for the cell to be efficient

Surface Area to Volume ratio (SA:V) in a cell

volume decreases

surface area increases as

surface area increases

volume stays constant as

Long, skinny, or flat shapes, folds in the membrane

cell shapes that increase SA:V ratio

compartmentalization

Presence of phospholipid bilayers (membranes) allows for

the specialization of different organelles therefore, more complex cellular functions

compartmentalization allows for

eukaryotic cells

compartmentalization is only present in

Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that need to be packaged to prevent cellular damage

example of compartmentalization

nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplast

organelles with double membranes

surrounds the nucleus and protects the DNA, regulates gene expression

nuclear envelope functions

integral proteins that allow materials to enter and exit the nucleus

nuclear pore