muscles

Gracilis

Origin- Inferior ramus and body of the pubic bone

Insertion- Medial condyle of tibia

Action- Adduct thighs and flex leg

Vastus intermedius

origin- Shaft of femur: ¾ of dorsal and dorsolateral surface of femur from near lateral linea aspera , around to crest of anteromedial femur ; fascia casing the muscle

insertion- Mid-tibial tuberosity

action- Extends the knee

Vastus Medialis

Origin- Shaft of femur: ¼ surface of femoral shaft , from medial intertrochanteric line to near the medial edge of linea aspera; intermuscular septa

Insertion- Dorsomedial fascia of vastus intermedius; medial patella; medial tibial tuberosity

Action- Extends the knee, displaces the patella medially and rotates femur laterally on tibia

Vastus Lateralis

Origin-

Femoral Attachment:  a line that runs the length of the linea aspera up to the lateral margin of the greater trochanter and arching across the margin to the dorsal intertrochanteric line.

Fascia attachment:   the dorsal surface of the lateral intermuscular septum

Insertion- Dorsolateral fascia of vastus intermedius; lateral patella; lateral tibial tuberosity

Action- Extends the knee, displaces the patella laterally and rotates femur medially on tibia

Sartorius- The Tailor’s Muscle

Origin- Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion- Medial proximal tibia

Action- Flex leg and flex and rotate thigh

Tibialis Anterior

Origin- lateral condyle and body of the tivia

Insertion- 1st metatarsal and tarsal bones

Dorsiflex and invert foot

Gastrocnemius

Origin- Lateral and medial condyles of the femur

Insertion- Calcaneous (via Achilles tendon)

Action- Plantarflex foot and flex leg

Soleus (Lies beneath with similar shape to the gastrocnemius)

Origin- Head of the fibula, and the medial proximal tibia

Insertion- Calcaneus

Action- Plantarflex foot (most important walking muscle)

Gluteous maximus

origin- sacrum and ilium

insertion- proximal femur

Action- extends hip during forceful exertion

Gluteus Medius

Origin- Lateral Surface of ilium

Insertion- Greater trochanter of femur

Action- abduction and rotation of the thigh and hip

Piriformis

origin- anterior surface of lateral sacrum

insertion- greater trochanter of femur

action- laterall rotate thigh at hip

Brachiallis

origin- distal, anterior humerus

insertion- coronoid process of the ulna

action- flex the forearm

Biceps Brachii

origin- supraglenoid tubercle and coranoid process of scapula

insertion- radial tuberosity

action- flex and supinate the forearm

Triceps brachii

origin- infraglenoid tubercle of scapula and posterior body of humerus

insertion- olecrannon process of ulna

action- extand the forearm

flexor carpal radials

origin- medial epicondyle of the humerus

inserion- 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

action flex wrist and abduct the hand

flexor carpal ulnaris

origin- medial epicondyle of humerus

insertion- 5th metacarpal

action- flex wrist and adducts hand

extensor carpi ulnaris

origin- lateral epicondyle of the humerus

insertion- 5th metacarpal

action- extend and adduct wrist

rectus abdominis

origin- pubic symphysis and crest

insertion- external surfaces of cartilages of ribs 5-7 xiphoid process

action- flex lumbar vertebrae, compress abdomen in forced expiration

external obliques

origin- outer surface of ribs 5-12, interdigitating with serratus anterior, linea alba

insertion- iliac crest, inguinal ligament, anterior superior iliac spine

action- compresses abdomen, opposite rotator of thoracic vertebrae

pectoralis major

origin- clavicle, sternum and the rib cartilage of the 1st 6 ribs

insertion- greater tubercle

action- flex, adduct, and rotate arm

trapezius

origin- occipital bone and spines of C7 through all thoracic vertebrae

insertion- clavicle and the acrominon spine of the scapula

action- extend head and shrug shoulders

Latissimus dorsi

origin- spines of t6-l5 illiac and sacral crests

insertion- interrubercular groove

action- extend, adduct, and rotate arm

deltoid

origin- clavicle and the acromion spine of the scapula

insertion- deltoid tuberosity of humerous

action- abduct the arm

What tendon joins the two muscles of the Epicranius?

A: Galea aponeurosis

What is the insertion of the triceps brachii?

A: Olecranon process

What is the action of the biceps brachii?

Flex/supinate the forearm

What is the smallest organization level for muscles?

Muscle fiber

What is a bundle of muscle fibers called?

Fascicle

What do you call muscles that flex in opposite
directions?

Antagonistic pair

What two conventions are used to name the
Orbicularis oculi?

A: Location and shape

Which of these is NOT a function of muscles?

a) Production of female gamete

b) Body heat production

c) Facilitate digestion

d) Swallowing

A

Which point of attachment creates the movement of a
muscle?

Insertion

What is the direction of fibers in muscles built for
speed?

Parallel

What is the action of the masseter?

Close the jaw/protract
the mandible

What is the origin of the sartorius?

Anterior superior iliac spine

What is the insertion for the pectoralis major?

A: Greater tubercle of the humerus

Muscles that are for power cross ____ joint(s).

1

Which muscle adducts the thigh and flexes the leg?

Gracilis

What action is performed by the frontalis

A: Raise the eyebrows

What conventions were used to name the Levator labii?

Action and location

What is the action of the rectus abdominus

Flex lumbar vertebrae, compress
abdomen in forced expiration

What tendon is between the external obliques?

Abdominal aponeurosis

What is the insertion of the soleus?

A: Calcaneus hat

What is the action of the rhomboid major?

A: Raises and adducts the scapula

What two muscles make up the epicranius?

A: Occipitalis and Frontalis

What are the names of the three vastus muscles that
make up the deep quadriceps?

Intermedius, medialis, lateralis

What is the insertion of this muscle?

Medial condyle of the tibia

The two origins of the deltoid are the acromion of the
scapula and the ______.

Clavicle

What is the action of the infraspinatus?

Rotate arm laterally

What action does the Orbicularis oris do?

A: Purse/pucker lips

Where does the Zygomatic major insert?

A: Modiolus at the corner of the mouth

What are the names of the two muscles that insert on
the calcaneus?

A: Gastrocnemius and soleus?

What is the common name of the tendon that connects
the calf muscles to the calcaneus?

Achilles tendon (calcaneal tendon)

What are the three muscles we learn of the lower arm
and their insertions?

Flexor carpi radialis: 2nd and 3rd metacarpals,
Flexor carpi ulnaris: 5th metacarpal,
Extensor carpi ulnaris: 5th metacarpal