Human Population & Environment, Part B: ENV1101

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture on Human Population & Environment, focusing on environmental challenges, demographic transitions, and various theoretical perspectives on population dynamics.

Willingness-to-pay transition

The concept that as societies develop and gain economic well-being, individuals are more likely to make financial and behavioral sacrifices to achieve a cleaner environment.

Congestion pricing

A strategy implemented to reduce traffic congestion by charging a fee for driving in specific areas during peak times, as seen in NYC.

Demographic transition

A model describing the transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates in a population.

Malthusian trap

A situation where population growth exceeds agricultural production, leading to famine and disease.

Neo-Malthusians

Advocates of population control inspired by Thomas Malthus, who believe in the necessity of limiting population growth due to resource constraints.

Green Revolution

A period of agricultural transformation characterized by increased food production through technologies like hybridization and mechanization.

Cornucopians

Believers that all major economic, social, and environmental issues can be solved through technology and innovation.

Marxist perspective on population dynamics

The belief that poverty and social problems lead to population growth, necessitating social change for population control.

Sound science for sound policy

The principle that policy decisions should be based on reliable, peer-reviewed scientific data.

Environmental Justice

A movement aiming to address the inequitable distribution of environmental risks and benefits among different social groups.