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What is the Beginning-End date of the Phoenicians?

1500-500 BC

What modern day country would the Phoenicians be located today?

Lebanon

What part of the Mediterranean did the Phoenicians live at?

The East coast

What were the important cities located within the homeland of Phoenicia?

Tyre, Sidon, and Byblos

How was the Phoenicians able to expand?

By trading

What was the main/greatest colony of Phoenicia located on the northern coast of Africa?

Carthage

Which modern-day countries did the Phoenicians “distribute” their goods to?

Italy, France, Egypt, North Africa, Greece, Britain, and Spain.

How were the Phoenicians able to transport their good to others?

By Phoenician ships

What was the most sought-out trade good of the Phoenicians?

Purple dye

What was an additional trade product of the Phoenicians?

Cedar wood

What was another additional trade product of the Phoenicians?

Glass

How did the Phoenicians create their purple dye - what was the process?

They collected snails from the Nile and left them to rot. When the snails die and rot they will excrete a yellow liquid which when left out in the sun for long enough will become a dark purple.

Why was purple dye so valuable and expensive?

Because one snail could only produce a few drops, so 60,000 were needed to create a pound.

What could the Phoenicians make/do with purple dye?

They would dye clothes, which would be sold to the wealthy.

What groups/social classes/civilizations wanted purple dye and WHY?

Upper class or wealthy people since it was hard to get and it was expensive.

Why do you think the country of Lebanon developed this flag?

Because trading cedar wood was probably very popular.

As merchants, why did the Phoenicians need a system of writing?

They needed a way to record transactions easily.

The Phoenician writing system was phonetic - what does mean?

One sign was used for one sound.

What did the Phoenicians do with the alphabet as trading with groups around the Mediterranean?

They would introduce the writing system to their trading partners.

After learning about the Phoenician alphabet, what changes did the Greeks make to it?

They changed some letters

When a group of people use an idea or technology from another group of people, what is that called?

Cultural Diffusion

What were the two main technological achievements of the Hittites that helped them on the battlefield?

Chariots and iron weapons

What caused the Assyrians to develop their warlike behavior?

Due to constant invasions

What are three methods or techniques that the Assyrians used to lay siege (attack) an enemy city?

Dug beneath city walls, shoot waves of arrows when at the city wall, and use massive, iron-tripped battering rams to break city-gates.

The Assyrians created one of the world’s first libraries.  State two facts about this library.

It has more than 20,000 clay tablets throughout the fertile crescent and subjects were organized in separate rooms.

What eventually happened to the Assyrian empire?

It got burned down by several other colonies.

Why was it burned down?

Because of the Assyrians cruelty, they had many enemies.

Why is this time period called the Neo-Babylonian?

Because Babylon had also risen to power earlier and become an independent city-state.

Which Neo-Babylonian leader is responsible for reviving the power of the Babylonians and rebuilding the main city of Babylon?

Nebuchadnezzar

What legendary architectural structure located within Babylon did the king in the previous question build for his wife that is considered one of the seven wonders of the ancient world?

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

What was the reason for him building this structure?

His wife missed the gardens of her homeland.

Who was the first leader of the Persian Empire?

Cyrus the Great