UNIT 4 SAQ

([Chapter 11 A] What is the difference between the two images about the War of 1812?)

Image #1 attacks foreign enemies (British & Native Americans) for violence; Image #2 attacks internal enemies (Federalists) for disloyalty.

([Chapter 11 A] How does Image #1 depict the British?)

As brutal “savages” who encouraged scalping and rewarded Native Americans.

([Chapter 11 A] How does Image #2 depict the Federalists?)

As traitors and cowards causing national disunity and helping Britain.

([Chapter 11 B] What historical evidence supports Image #1?)

Tecumseh and the Prophet formed a confederacy against American land claims.

([Chapter 11 B] What happened after the U.S. attacked at Tippecanoe?)

Tecumseh joined the British, confirming war hawks’ suspicions.

([Chapter 11 B] What did their alliance with Britain lead to?)

Americans needed to secure frontier land, declare war, and invade Canada.

([Chapter 11 C] What supports Image #2?)

British impressment of American sailors; Federalists ignored it, valuing trade over loyalty.

([Chapter 11 C] Why were pro-war Americans angry?)

They opposed impressment and felt Federalists were unpatriotic.

([Chapter 11 C] What does this show about Federalists?)

They prioritized trade and profits over national loyalty.

([Chapter 12 A] What contributed to the Missouri Compromise?)

Era of Good Feelings encouraged nationalism, westward expansion, and state formation.

([Chapter 12 A] Why did slavery become an issue?)

New states like Missouri raised the question of permitting slavery.

([Chapter 12 A] What did admitting Missouri expose?)

Deep sectional conflict in a seemingly unified nation.

([Chapter 12 B] How did the Compromise affect the Senate?)

Balanced power between free and slave states.

([Chapter 12 B] Which states were admitted together?)

Missouri as slave, Maine as free, and others in pairs.

([Chapter 12 B] Why was the balance important?)

Prevented North or South from controlling Senate votes temporarily.

([Chapter 12 C] What border did the Compromise create?)

36°30’ parallel.

([Chapter 12 C] What did the line represent?)

Slavery allowed south, prohibited north.

([Chapter 12 C] What was the long-term effect?)

Temporarily prevented division but set the stage for slavery debates.

([Chapter 13 A] Why did Jackson oppose the national bank?)

He thought it was corrupt, unconstitutional, and favored the wealthy.

([Chapter 13 A] How is the bank portrayed in the cartoon?)

As a “monster” monopolizing the rich.

([Chapter 13 A] Was Jackson’s opposition personal or political?)

Both; he wanted to destroy the Bank.

([Chapter 13 B] What happened after Jackson moved federal funds?)

Money went to smaller “pet banks.”

([Chapter 13 B] What was the immediate effect?)

Dismantling of the Bank and economic instability.

([Chapter 13 B] How did this affect the money supply?)

No national bank to regulate, leading to inflation.

([Chapter 13 C] What crisis followed?)

Panic of 1837.

([Chapter 13 C] Why did it happen?)

State banks printed too much currency and gave unaffordable loans.

([Chapter 13 C] What were the consequences?)

Bank failures, business collapse, and job losses.

([Chapter 14 A] Why did many Irish immigrate in the 1840s?)

Potato famine caused starvation and disease.

([Chapter 14 A] What did the Irish seek in America?)

Better living conditions and opportunities.

([Chapter 14 A] How did government failure in Ireland affect them?)

Lack of relief pushed them to emigrate.

([Chapter 14 B] What effect did Irish immigration have on labor?)

Provided cheap labor in factories, canals, and railroads.

([Chapter 14 B] Why were immigrants exploited?)

Many were coming in, vulnerable, and accepted low wages.

([Chapter 14 B] How did this affect the industrial economy?)

Expanded industry but increased competition for jobs.

([Chapter 14 C] What social reaction occurred?)

Rise of anti-immigrant Nativist movements.

([Chapter 14 C] Why did Americans oppose immigrants?)

Feared job loss and cultural threats.

([Chapter 14 C] What political party arose?)

Know-Nothing Party advocating restrictions on immigrants.

([Chapter 15 A] How did Thoreau and Emerson differ?)

Thoreau practiced living deliberately at Walden Pond; Emerson philosophized on nature’s spiritual meaning.

([Chapter 15 A] What did Thoreau emphasize?)

Experiencing essential facts of life.

([Chapter 15 A] What did Emerson emphasize?)

Returning to reason and faith in nature.

([Chapter 15 B] What similarity did they share?)

Both emphasized self-reliance and trusting one’s own voice over society.

([Chapter 15 B] How did Emerson express this?)

Urged individuals to speak their minds and resist conformity.

([Chapter 15 B] How did Thoreau express this?)

Valued truth over love, money, or fame.

([Chapter 15 C] What impact did Transcendentalism have?)

Inspired reform movements like abolition.

([Chapter 15 C] Who were notable figures?)

Margaret Fuller and the Grimke sisters.

([Chapter 15 C] How did Transcendentalism motivate action?)

Encouraged listening to conscience and fighting injustice.

([Chapter 16 A] How did Garrison and Douglass differ on abolition?)

Garrison: problem in North was apathy; Douglass: resistance triggered sectional conflict.

([Chapter 16 A] Where did Garrison focus?)

Morality in the North.

([Chapter 16 A] Where did Douglass focus?)

Political conflict with the South.

([Chapter 16 B] What similarity did they share?)

Both saw slavery as a moral evil needing action.

([Chapter 16 B] How did Garrison spread awareness?)

Lectures and discourses on slavery.

([Chapter 16 B] How did Douglass spread awareness?)

Emphasized antislavery agitation in the North to resist Slave Power in the South.

([Chapter 16 C] What was the impact on Congress?)

Gag Resolution blocked debates on slavery.

([Chapter 16 C] How did this affect Northerners?)

Made them angry about threats to their rights.

([Chapter 16 C] Why was this significant?)

Highlighted sectional tension and suppression of anti-slavery voices.

([Chapter 17 A] What was the expansionist justification for the Mexican War?)

Manifest Destiny: God destined Americans to spread democracy; Polk annexed Texas and targeted California.

([Chapter 17 A] How did Americans view it?)

As a holy mission, not aggressive empire-building.

([Chapter 17 A] Why did Polk support expansion?)

To acquire land and fulfill Manifest Destiny.

([Chapter 17 B] What was the abolitionist opposition?)

Saw war as Southern attempts to expand slavery.

([Chapter 17 B] Why did the North oppose?)

Adding slave states would ruin balance in Congress.

([Chapter 17 B] Which party opposed Polk?)

Whigs, advocating “Union and Liberty” over expansion.

([Chapter 17 C] What was the impact of the Mexican War?)

U.S. gained California and Southwest (Mexican Cession).

([Chapter 17 C] How did it affect sectional conflict?)

Increased tensions over whether new states would allow slavery.

([Chapter 17 C] Why did this matter?)

Southern members wanted future slave state options preserved.