CORE - unit 1: population

synthesis

merging and combination of things

content

information regarding topic

context

pre-requisite information

concept

ideas/extension

population

all the inhabitants of a particular place

population distribution

the pattern of where people live

development

improvement in someone’s quality of life

population density

the measure of population per unit measurement (usually km2)

population change

the change in the number of people in a specified area during a specific time period

birth rate

the amount of live births per 1,000 people per year

death rate

the amount of deaths per 1,000 people per year

Natural Increase

the number of people added to the population per 1,000 people per year (birth rate – death rate)

fertility rate

average number of births per woman 15-49 across their lifetime

Crude birth rate

The total number of live births per 1000 population per year. Birth Rate: The total number of live births per 1000 women per year.

Crude death rate

The total number of deaths per 1000 people in a year. Death rate can be measured using Infant mortality rate, Child mortality rate, Crude death rate and Life expectancy.

Child mortality rate

Child mortality rate is the number of children dying before reaching five years of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year.

Infant mortality rate

Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year.

Life expectancy

The average number of years a person is expected to live.

replacement level

amount of fertility needed to keep the population the same eg. 2.1 children per woman

Epidemiological transition

The change from infectious disease to degenerative disease is called

Dependency Support Ratio

Relationship between economically active (working) and non economically active (dependant)

Megacity

City with population over 10 million

Urbanisation

the process of an area becoming more urban

Society

the collection of people living together in an ordered manner

Gender equality

the state in which access to rights or opportunities is unaffected by gender

Anti-trafficking

the process of preventing the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act

Migration

the movement of people from one place to another, either permanently, seasonally, voluntarily or forced. It involves a change in residence. Daily commuters are not generally considered migrants.

Internal Migration

Movement of people within a country. This is could be rural-urban, urban-urban, urban-rural or rural-rural migration.

Voluntary migration

The free movement of people from one place to another, mostly in the form of rural-urban migration). Rural-urban migration could be due to the following factors:

Population Projection

An estimate of the future population of a country based on current age-gender structure, mortality and migration.

Doubling Time

The time taken for a population to double assuming natural growth rate is constant.

Population Momentum

The tendency for a population to grow despite falling birth and fertility rates.

Refugees

People who have been forced to leave their country or home to another country. According to the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, there are about 25.9million refugees worldwide

Asylum seeker

Someone who has left his or her country to seek protection from another country as a refugee but whose status is yet to be determined.

Climate refugees

A subset of environmental migrants who were forced to flee “due to sudden or gradual alterations in the natural environment related to at least one of three impacts of climate change: sea-level rise, extreme weather events, and drought and water scarcity. ”

Trafficked People

People who have been moved by human traffickers with the promise of lucrative jobs abroad as well as greener pastures but upon arrival, they end up becoming sex slaves etc

Internally displaced people (IDPs)

Individuals leaving their homes due to conflicts or natural disasters. (Leaving their home to settle in their home country)

Development Displacees

People compelled to move as a result of a developmental project such as the building of a dam or highway etc.

Sex Ratios

The ratio of males to females in a given population. Or, it is the number of males per 100 females in a population.