Test 1 - Freshwater Ecology PLE

What is the phylum, class and order?

Arthropoda, Insecta, Ephemeroptera

What is the phylum, class and order?

Arthropoda, Insecta, Plecoptera

What is the phylum, class and order?

Arthropoda, Insecta, Odonata

What order and phylum is this?

Arthropoda, Insecta, Hemiptera

What is the phylum, class and order?

Arthropoda, Insecta, Trichoptera

What is the phylum, class and order?

Arthropoda, Insecta, Coleoptera

What is the phylum, class and order?

Arthropoda, Insecta, Diptera

What is the phylum, class and order?

Arthropoda, Insecta, Megaloptera

What order and phylum is this?

Arthropoda, Crustacea, Decapoda

What is the phylum, class and order?

Arthropoda, Crustacea, Amphipoda

What is the phylum, class and order?

Arthropoda, Crustacea, Isopoda

What is the phylum, class and order?

Mollusca, Bivalvia

What is the phylum, class and order?

Mollusca, Gastropoda

What is the phylum, class and order?

Annelida, Hirudinea

What is the phylum, class and order?

Annelida, Oligochaeta

What is the phylum, class and order?

Arthropoda, Arachnida

What plant is this?

Elodea

What plant is this?

Potamageton

What plant is this?

Myriophyllum

What plant is this?

Ceratophyllum

What plant is this?

Vallisneria

What plant is this?

Utricularia

What plant is this?

Cabomba

What plant is this?

Lemna

What plant is this?

Wolffia

What is the common name and family?

Pumpkinseed Centrarchidae

What is the common name and family?

Log Perch Percidae

What is the common name and family

Blue Gill Centrarchidae

What is the common name and family?

Blackchin Shiner Cyprinidae

What is the common name and family?

Banded Khilifish Fundulidae

What is the common name and family?

Large Mouth Bass Centrarchidae

What is the common name and family?

Small Mouth Bass Centrarchidae

What is the common name and family?

Iowa Darter Percidae

What is the common name and family?

Bluntnose Minnow Cyprinidae

What is the common name and family?

Black Redhorse Catostomidae

What is a Pothole or Kettle lake?

Formed when ice from a glacial melt is left behind, freezing again before thawing, creating small but deep lakes

What is a Moraine Lake?

Created when debris (moraine) deposited by a glacier blocks a river or stream

What is a scour lake?

forms when a buried block of glacial ice melts, leaving behind a depression that fills with water to create a lake

What is a cirque lake?

Formed in bowl-shaped depressions (cirques) at the head of a glacier on a mountain

What is a graben lake?

A lake formed where a block of continental crust has slipped

What is an oxbow lake?

forms when a meandering river or stream changes course, leaving behind a curved or crescent-shaped body of water

What is a karst lake?

formed when carbonate’s are dissolved within water, creating a sinkhole

What is a caldera lake?

crater lakes are formed within volcanic craters or calderas as a result of volcanic activity and subsequent accumulation of water

What is the dissolved gas budget in aquatic ecosystems?

Photosynthesis - Respiration + Aeration

What are some factors that affect saturation value?

Temperature, altitude, pressure, salinity

What are factors that affect stratification?

Turbidity, depth, area

Which type of lake is most likely to stratify?

Deep and small

What is TDS?

Total dissolved solids (salts)

What are methods to measure TDS?

Evaporation and electrical conductivity

What is pH a concentration of?

Hydrogen ions

What are some factors that affect pH?

Bicarbonate buffer and photosynthesis

What is buffering capacity?

Ability to resist change in pH

What percent of earth’s water is freshwater?

3%

What percent of freshwater is surface water?

0.3%

What are the main three uses of water by humans?

power, irrigation, and public water supply

What is the compensation point?

production matched by respiration

What element carries energy through food webs and is used to measure primary and secondary production?

Carbon

Which is better, high productivity or low productivity?

Low productivity is better, and is labeled as clear water

What are limits on productivity?

Trophic categories and limiting nutrients

What are the main nutrients that affect productivity?

Phosphorous, Sulfur and Potassium

What are the four trohpic states?

Oligotrophic, Mesotrophic, Eutrophic and Hypereutrophic

What are HABs made of?

Mycrocysts

What are causes of cultural eutrophication?

Agriculture, sewage, stormwater runoff

What is the main vector of phosphorous in lakes and streams in agricultural watershed?

Sediment erosion and transport

What is the primary source of phosphate fertilizers

strip mines in carbonate rock

How have humans affects fixation of nitrogen?

Haber-Basch process, legumes, and internal combustion engines

What is trophic efficiency?

Flow of energy through food webs

How is energy flow measured?

gC/m2/day

What are the trophic levels of a pelagic aquatic environment?

Phytoplankton, Copepods + Daphnia, Small fish, Large fish

What are copepods and daphnia?

Zooplankton

What small fish are in a pelagic aquatic trophic pyramid?

Silversides and Spottail Shiner

What large fish are in a pelagic aquatic trophic pyramid?

Bass and Walleye

What is primary production in trophic levels?

Plant growth

What is secondary production in trophic levels?

Growth of higher trophic levels

What is lost in consumption efficiency?

Detritus

What is lost in assimilation efficiency?

Feces

What is lost in growth efficiency?

Respiration (CO2)

What is the trophic efficiency rule?

10% rule, loss of 90% through the web

What causes daily vertical migration in lakes?

Oxygen, food and temperature

What causes drift in streams?

Predation, as fish can not hunt as effectively at night

What is trophic cascade?

Effects of a predator on a non-adjacent lower trophic level

What is the top-down view of a trophic cascade?

Plant abundance depends on food web structure

What is HSS?

Predators prevent prey from decimating the lower trophic levels

What happens in an odd number trophic cascade?

Abundance of plants

What happens in an even number trophic cascade?

Few plants