Stereotyping, Prejudice, Discrimination

Stereotyping

Generalized beliefs about the characteristics of social groups; tend to be culturally consensual

Prejudice

Evaluative reaction (typically negative) to a social group

Discrimination

Differential treatment based on group membership

Two fundamental dimensions of evaluation

Warmth and Competence

Warmth

Liking and positive affect; "Do they wish us well?"

Competence

Perception of the group as capable; "Can they enact their goals?"

Understanding the Origins of Prejudice

Structure of relationships between groups dictate prejudices

Admiration

High Competence and High Warmth (Likability)

Two core ideas of Admiration

Preferences for positive self-definitions. Social categorization is by byproduct of cognition; We split the world up into "us" and "them"

EX. of Admiration

Everyone in the in-group

Results of in-group bias

People allocate more resources to their own members. More than 70% of subjects made decision favoring member of their group

Envious Prejudice

High Competence and Low Warmth; high status, competitive, envy

EX. of Envious Prejudice

Feminists, Asians, rich people, groups believed to be in competition for limited resources

Paternalistic Prejudice

Low Competence and High Warmth; low status, not competitive, pity, sympathy

EX. of Paternalistic Prejudice

Elderly people, disabled people, housewives, people we feel that we need to protect

Contemptuous Prejudice

Low Competence and Low Warmth, low status, competitive, contempt, disgust, anger, resentment

EX. of Contemptuous Prejudice

Welfare recipients, poor people

Social identity theory

A theory suggesting that people seek to enhance their self-esteem by identifying with specific social groups and perceiving these groups as being better than other groups

Realistic group conflict theory

The theory that intergroup conflict develops from competition for limited resources

Ethnocentrism

A pattern of increased hostility toward outgroups accompanied by increased loyalty to one’s ingroup

Superordinate goal

A mutually shared goal that can be achieved only through intergroup cooperation