Abraham Maslow

Neglectful Parents

Parents who fail to provide adequate care and attention to their children's physical and emotional needs.

Self-Actualization

The realization of one's full potential, typically considered the ultimate goal in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Hierarchy of Needs

A five-tier model of human needs, often depicted as a pyramid, where lower needs must be satisfied before higher needs.

Physiological Needs

Basic biological requirements for human survival, such as food, water, sleep, and breathing.

Safety Needs

The need for security, stability, and protection from physical and emotional harm.

Love/Belonging Needs

The human desire for interpersonal relationships, friendship, intimacy, and family.

Esteem Needs

The motivation to achieve self-esteem and the respect of others, which includes self-respect, confidence, and recognition.

Deficiency Needs

The requirements that arise from an absence of something, such as physiological, safety, love, and esteem needs.

Criticism of Maslow's Theory

Critiques include its elitist data, subjectivity, difficulty in testing, and the assumption that lower needs must be fulfilled before progressing to higher levels.

Cognitive Needs

The desire for knowledge, meaning, and self-awareness, considered a higher order need after esteem.

Aesthetic Needs

The desire for beauty, balance, and form, prioritized after cognitive needs in Maslow's hierarchy.

Transcendence Needs

The motivation to help others achieve self-actualization, considered the highest need in the revised hierarchy.

Characteristics of Self-Actualization

Behaviors that include tolerance for uncertainty, childlike absorption in experiences, and deep appreciation for basic life experiences.

Maslow's Theory Focus

Maslow's theory centers on motivation, suggesting that innate goodness drives individuals to achieve their potential.

Failure to Satisfy Needs

A lack of fulfillment of love/belonging needs leads to societal problems.

Innate Needs

Basic human needs that individuals are born with, influenced by nurturing.

Lack of Prejudice

An important characteristic of self-actualization, where one accepts facts as they are without bias.