Classics 51 B

portrait of livia

4 CE

porticus of octavia

27-23 BCE

funerary relief of the gessii

30-20 BCE

tomb of the baker

30-20 BCE

monument of the julii

30-20 BCE

Harbor at caesarea

22-10 BCE

Second style architectural painting in the villa at oplotis

Mid 1st c. BCE

third style wall painting in the villa of boscotrecase

10 BCE

House of the vettii

62-79 CE

house of painters at work (unfinished 4th style fresco)

79 CE

House of chaste lovers

62-79 CE

the colosseum

70-80 CE

the arch of titus

81 CE

the cancellaria relief

93-96 CE

portrait statue of trajan

110 CE

forum of trajan

106-113 CE

pantheon

110-128 CE

1st style

masonry style

used in Roman wall painting characterized by the use of painted faux marble and architectural elements.

2nd style

architectural style

used in Roman wall painting that creates the illusion of three-dimensional space and depth, often featuring landscapes and architectural vistas.

3rd style

ornate style

used in Roman wall painting characterized by delicate, linear designs and a focus on decorative elements, often with a monochromatic background.

4th style

intricate style

Returns to illusionism (like the 2nd Style) but adds decorative elements (like the 3rd Style).

Crowded, detailed compositions—walls often mix mythological panels, architectural elements, and decorative motifs.

arcade

row of arches (ex: colosseum)

ashlar masonry

regular cut, quarried stone (ex: colosseum)

forum

a place of gathering (ex: forum of trajan)

manubial temple

funded by the spoils of war (ex: temple of hercules victor)

taverntine

roman material (ex: colosseum)

axial orientation

positioned on an axis (ex: pantheon)

pediment

triangular top of a building - deriving from greece (ex: pantheon)

podium

platform that a person / structure stands on

porch

covered walkway that is typically surrounded by columns

tripartite architecture

three-part architecture (ex: pantheon)

arena

leveled area surrounded by spectators (ex: colosseum)

cavea

3- tiered seating for spectators (colosseum)

atrium

central open area of a house (ex: house of the vettii)

fauces

narrow entry way from the street (house of the vettii)

tablinum

office area (house of the faun)

triclinium

dining area in an atrium house (house of the vettii & house of chaste lovers)

fresco

painting done on plaster (ex: 4th style painting in the house of the painters at work)

historical relief

sculpted image that recalls a historical event, figure, story. (ex: arch of titus, relief of the triumph)

apotheosis

diefication / elevation to divine status. We can see example of this in the arch of titus, as titus is depicted on the wings of an eagle.

trophy

captured items from the enemy, displayed on a wooden post as a sign of victory

iconography

visual interpretation of a structure