ULTIMATE Natural History Lab NICEA

Tissue

a group of cells of a similar shape that work together to perform a specific function

main types of tissue

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

epithelial types

simple squamous, stratified squamous, simple cuboidal, simple columnar, pseudostratified columnar

connective types

dense irregular, dense regular, cartilage, bone, adipose, blood

Muscle types

smooth, striated, cardiac

nervous types

neurons, glial cells

Simple squamous

absorbsion and secretion/filtration (surface of organs)

stratified squamous

protection (skin)

Simple cuboidal

secretion and absorption (small ducts of glands)

Simple columnar

absorption and secretion (stomach)

pseudostratified columnar

secretion and movement of mucus (lining of upper respiratory)

dense regular

flexible tensile strength in one direction (tendons and ligaments)

dense irregular

flexible tensile strength in various directions (dermis)

adipose

fat storage (under the dermis)

cartilage

flexible stable support (nose, ears)

Layers of the epidermis

1. Basale

2. Spinosum

3. Granulosum

4. Corneum

Sebaceous glands

Looks like adipose, surrounds the hair follicle, produce sebum by self-destructing

Arrector pili

attached to the bottom of the follicle and the epidermis, smooth muscle, creates goosebumps, generates a little heat

What is a Callus?

Thickened corneum

Sweating for temperature

evaporative cooling

Stratum Basale

base layer, produces melanin and all subsequent layers of cells

Stratum Spinosum

biggest portion, webbing of melanin, starts to make keratin

Stratum Granulosum

grainy in appearance, beginning to flatten out

Stratum Corneum

dead with keratin

Melanocytes

Produce melanin

Keratinocytes

produce keratin