ECCB 302 Classifications

What is the Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, and sub phylum of all vertebrae?

Eukarya, Animalia, Chordata, Vertebrata

7 characteristics of chordates?

1. Notochord

2. Dorsal hollow nerve cord

3. Post-anal tail

4. Segmented muscle bands

5. Endostyle

6. Ventral heart

7. Pharyngeal gill slits

Subphylum Urochordata. Are the free moving or sedentary? How many body openings? What like?

They have a free moving larval stage, with a sedentary adult stage. They have 2 openings. Blob like

Subphylum Cephalocordata. Are they free moving or sedentary? Howmany body openings? What like

They are free moving, 3 body openings. Eel like

Subphylum Vertebrata. What differentiates them from the other subphylum?

They have a true backbone

Actinopterygii

“Ray finned fishes”, characterized by (1) branchiostegal rays, (2) interopercle bone, (3) acrodine, special mineral in enamel, and (4) single dorsal fin

Gnathostoma?

A clade that includes all jawed vertebrates, characterized by the presence of jaws and paired appendages and 3 semicircular ear canals.

Cyclostomata?

Jawless fishes. They posses keratinous teeth like structures, no jaws, and a single median nostril, patched gills, and a velum

3 classes under Gnathostomata?

Chondrichthyes, Antinopterygii, and Scaropterygii.

Chondrichthyes?

Cartilaginous fishes: possess placoid scales, pelvic claspers (male), calcified cartilage, and ampullae of Lorenzini

Chondrichthyes fish?

Hydrolagus colliei, Sphyrna, Squalus, Hypanus sabinus, Raja

Sarcopterygii?

“Lobe finned fishes”, included tetrapods. Limbs will articulate with a single root element, more like our ball and socket hip to femur and not like out multiple boned hand

Sarcopterygii fish?

Protopterus sp.

Superclass osteichthyes includes what two classes

Actinopterygii and Sarcopterygii

Osteichthyes?

gas filled bladder, maxilla and other dermal bones. Endochondral bone

Lungfish?

Able to breath air, well developed lungs

Holocephali?

Ratfishes, chimaeras. Scaleless typically. Single gill slit, teeth form beak like structure.

Batoidea cahracteristics

Subclass of Neoselachii. (1) Greatly enlarged pectoral fins fused to the side of the body. (2) No anal fin. (3) Gill slits on ventral side

Elasmobranchii Characteristics

5-7 gill slit openings, multiple replacement teeth located in the gums

Squalomorphii characteristics

Subgroup of Selachii, Lack anal fin, gill openings found on side of head

Selachii cahractersitics

Subclass of Neoselachii. Gills on side of head. Contains hammerhead sharks

Galeomorphii

Subgroup of Selachii, “typical shark”. Has hammerhead shark

Polypteriformes

Ganoid scales, includes bichers and lepisosteiformes

Acipenseriformes

Paddlefish and sturgeons

Lepisosteidae

Ganoid scales

What fish have placoid scales

Chondrichthys

What fish has ganoid scales

Polypteriformes and Lepisosteiformes

What fish has cycloid scales

Amia and teleosts

What fish has ctenoid scales

Teleosts