midterm 1

Acoustical Design

The process of designing spaces to manage sound and enhance the quality of audio experiences.

Auditorium

A large room or building where an audience gathers to watch performances or lectures.

Reverberation Time

The time it takes for sound to decay in a space after the source has stopped producing sound.

Sound Diffusion

The spreading out of sound energy to prevent sound concentration in specific areas.

Echo

sound waves which have been reflected to a listener with sufficient

magnitude and time delay so as to be perceived separately from those

communicated directly from the source to the listener.

Acoustic Defects

Unwanted sound issues in a space that affect sound quality, such as echoes and sound shadows.

Audience Capacity

The maximum number of people that can be seated in an auditorium.

Backwall Treatment

The design and finishing of the rear wall in an auditorium to enhance acoustics.

Seating Arrangement

The layout of seats in an auditorium, which can affect both visibility and acoustics.

Proscenium Theater

An auditorium design with audience surrounded on the front sides

Thrust Theater

An auditorium design where the audience is seated on three sides of the stage.

Arena Theater

An auditorium design where the audience surrounds the stage on all sides.

Curtain Line

The imaginary line that represents the front edge of the stage.

Site Selection and Planning

The quietest possible condition should be provided so that intelligibility of speech does not suffer and even soft passages of music are heard

Volume and Dimensions

The measurements of an auditorium's space that influence acoustics and audience experience.

Absorptive Surfaces

Materials used in auditorium design that soak up sound to reduce reflections.

Architectural Contributions

Design elements that affect the acoustical performance of auditoriums, such as room shape and surface treatment.

Sound Concentration

When sound waves are focused in particular areas, leading to uneven sound distribution.

Aisle Arrangement

The placement of pathways in an auditorium that allows for movement and access while ensuring good acoustics.

Flat Ceiling

A ceiling design that can impact how sound is reflected and distributed in an auditorium.

Noise Control

The methods used to minimize unwanted sound in audio environments, especially in lecture halls and classrooms.

Long delayed reflection

the time delay

between the perception of direct and reflected sounds is somewhat less.

flutter echo

a rapid succession of noticeable small echoes observed when

a short burst of sound is produced between parallel sound reflective surfaces.

sound concentration

sound reflections from concave surfaces

concentrating in an area sometimes referred to as hot spots. The intensity of

sound at hot spots are always at the expense of dead spots.

coupled spaces

two rooms adjacent to each other by means of open

doorways, with at least one space being highly reverberant

distortion

an undesirable change in the quality of musical sound due to the

uneven and excessive sound absorption of the boundary surfaces at different

frequencies.

room resonance

Occurs when certain sounds within a

narrow band of frequencies tend to sound louder than other frequencies.

sound shadow

occurs when an area does not receive an adequate amount of

direct and reflected sound.

whispering gallery

high frequency sounds creeping along large concave

surfaces such as a hemispherical dome.

140 degrees

inclusive angle must be less than

fan shaped plans

gives lesser distance from speaker to seats/centroid.

1:8

slope must not be steeper than

parallellism

____between opposite sound reflective

boundary surfaces should be avoided, to eliminate

undesirable back reflections.

14

maximum number of seats per row if have 2 aisles

7

maximum number of seats per row if have 1 aisles

flexible theatre

An auditorium with flexible stage and seating arrangement

3-4.5 sqm

suitable volumes for public lecture

4-5 sqm

suitable volumes for cinemas or theatre

4-5 sqm

suitable volumes for music hall, or concert halls

100 degrees

sidewalls should be arranged to have an angle not more than __ with the curtain line

23 meter

recommended distance of farthest seat from curtain line should not normally exceed __

curvilinear concentric seating scheme

linear and angled seating scheme

circular concentric seating scheme with rectangular stage

flat or convex

the auditorium rear walls should be and in shape

8 degrees

the angle of elevation should not be less than

12 cm

The elevation is based on the principle that each listened shall be elevated with respect to the person immediately on front of him so that the listener’s head is about __ above the path

celling reflector/ clouds

are used to direct sound energy from the stage to the seating

concentric

the seats should be arranged in __ for efficiency

950-1000mm

the thread width

150 mm

the riser height

150 mm

the head depth

0.4- 0.7

the optimum reverberation time in lecture halls ad class room is ___

425-570

the lecture halls with volume of __ does not require a sound amplification system

150-200 persons

the lecture halls with an audience of ___does not require a sound amplification system

0.6-0.9 sqm

The floor area of the hall including the gangways should be calculated on the basis of __ per perso

6m and 7.5

The average height may be vary from for ___ small halls and ___ to large halls

3.5- 5.5

The volume should be normally range between ___ to ___ cu.m/ person