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Osteology
The study of bone.
Bone Tissue
Connective tissue with a matrix hardened by calcium phosphate and other minerals.
Bone Remodeling
Absorption and deposition of bone that occurs throughout life.
Mineralization
The hardening process of bone.
Appositional Growth
Growth on the bone surface that increases diameter and thickness.
Osteogenic Cells
Stem cells that arise from embryonic mesenchyme and give rise to most other bone cell types.
Osteoblasts
Bone-forming cells that produce new bone called 'osteoid'.
Osteocytes
Osteoblasts that are trapped in the matrix they deposited.
Osteoclasts
Cells that dissolve bone through a process called osteolysis.
Epiphysial Plate
Hyaline cartilage that enables growth in length in children's bones.
Compact Bone
Dense outer shell of bone.
Spongy Bone
Loosely organized bone tissue that contains red bone marrow.
Hydroxyapatite
Crystallized calcium phosphate salt that makes up 85% of the inorganic matter in bone.
Rickets
A disease caused by mineral deficiency resulting in soft, deformed bones.
Long Bones
Bones that are longer than wide and crucial for movement.
Flat Bones
Thin, curved plates of bone that protect soft organs.
Red Bone Marrow
Hematopoietic tissue that produces blood cells.
Yellow Bone Marrow
Fatty marrow found in adults that does not produce blood.
Periosteum
External sheath covering most of bone, important for growth and healing.
Endosteum
Thin layer of connective tissue lining the marrow cavity.
Circumferential Lamellae
Lamellae that fill the outer region of dense bone.
