7.1 Shifting Power after 1900

Rebellion Locations in the Early 20th Century

Russia, China, and Mexico

Result of Early 20th Century Rebellions

Revolutionaries unseated ruling governments, challenging political and social orders.

Major Internal Problems in Russia

Economic stagnation, slow education expansion, inadequate infrastructure, resistance to political reform, and reluctance to recognize civil liberties.

Impact of Internal Problems on Russia's International Affairs

Russia became weaker in international matters due to lack of a strong economic base to support military.

Crimean War Outcome

A loss for Russia against the Ottoman Empire, supported by Great Britain and France.

Bolsheviks

An organization representing the revolutionary working class, led by Vladimir Lenin, that seized power to establish a communist government.

Communist Beliefs

Workers should own the means of production, leading to collective prosperity and a just society.

Bloody Sunday

A peaceful march by workers that turned violent when tsar troops fired, killing about 1300 marchers.

Russo-Japanese War Outcome

Russia lost to Japan, marking the first time a non-European power defeated a European power in modern history.

Three People's Principles by Sun Yat-Sen

Democracy, Nationalism, Livelihood.

Causes of Qing Dynasty's Fall

Ethnic tension, famine, and low government revenues.

Young Turks' Goals

To advocate for a constitution and Turkification in the Ottoman Empire.

Ataturk

The 'Father of the Turks', who modernized Turkey and implemented reforms for education, women's rights, and secularism.

Results of the Mexican Revolution

Adoption of a new constitution in 1917 and the formation of the Institutional Revolutionary Party in 1929.

Main Causes of the Mexican Revolution

Jailing of opposition candidates, growing discontent with Diaz's policies, foreign control, and land reform issues.

Emiliano Zapata

A leader dedicated to land redistribution for impoverished peasants during the Mexican Revolution.

Effect of WWI on the Ottoman Empire

Dismantling and creation of independent countries, with the Republic of Turkey established.