A&P Ch6 Skin Disorders

Acne

Disease of the sebaceous glands that produces blackheads and pimples.

Alopecia

Hair loss, usually sudden.

Athlete's Foot

Fungus (Tinea Pedis) infection usually in the skin of the toes and soles.

Birthmark

Congenital blemish or spot on the skin, visible at birth or soon after.

Boil

Bacterial infection (furuncle) of the skin, produced when bacteria enters a hair follicle.

Carbuncle

Bacterial infection, similar to a boil that spreads into the subcutaneous tissues .

Cyst

Liquid-filled sac or capsule.

Dermatitis

Inflammation of the skin

Erythema

Reddening of the skin due to dilation of dermal blood vessels in response to injury or inflammation.

Eczema

Noncontagious skin rash that produces itching, blistering, and scaling.

Herpes

Infectious disease of the skin, caused by a simplex virus and characterized by recurring formations of small clusters of vesicles.

Impetigo

Contagious disease of bacterial origin, characterized by pustules that rupture and became covered with loosely held crusts.

Keloid

Elevated, enlarging fibrous scar usually initiated by an injury.

Mole

Fleshy skin tumor (nervus) that is usually pigmented; colors range from brown to black.

Pediculosis

Disease produced by an infestation of lice.

Pruritus

Itching of the skin.

Psoriasis

Chronic skin disease characterized by red patches covered with silvery scales.

Pustule

Elevated, pus-filled area on the skin.

Scabies

Disease resulting from an infestation of mites.

Seborrhea

Hyperactivity of the sebaceous glands, causing greasy skin and dandruff.

Ulcer

Open sore

Urticaria

Allergic reaction of the skin that produces reddish, elevated patches (hives).

Vitiligo

Loss of melanocytes in parts of the epidermis, producing whitened areas of skin.

Wart

Flesh-colored raised area caused by a viral infection.

First degree burn

Superficial burns through only the epidermis.

Second degree burn

A burn marked by pain, blistering, and superficial destruction of dermis with edema and hyperemia of the tissues beneath the burn.

Third degree burn

Severe burn characterized by destruction of the skin through the depth of the dermis and possibly into underlying tissues, loss of fluid, and sometimes shock.

Rule of nines

a method used in calculating body surface area affected by burns

Types of skin cancer

basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma

Basal cell carcinoma

Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly nodules.

squamous cell carcinoma

malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells in the epidermismalignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis

Basal cell melanoma

Slow growing tumor that does NOT metastasize. non healing lesion that bleeds easily. raised nodule with depressed/dented center, white or pink shiny bump.

squamous cell melanoma

arise from keratinocytes of stratum spinosum
can grow fast and metastisize if not removed

Burn recovery

Young patients with burns over 80 percent of the body
Have 50 percent chance of recovery
Assuming access to medical treatment, including grafting
Advances in cell culturing improving survival rates
New epidermis can be grown in the laboratory and transplanted to cover burn