Global History

Potsdam Conference

Meeting among US, UK, and USSR leaders to plan postwar peace

Gulag System

Soviet Union's concentration/correctional camps, part of communist agenda

Treaty of Versailles

Peace treaty ending WWI

War Guilt Clause

Clause in Treaty of Versailles holding Germany responsible for damages

Balfour Declaration

UK's support for Jewish establishment in Palestine

Mandate System

League of Nations' control over German and Ottoman territories

Mao Zedong

Leader of communist China from 1920s to 1970s

Unconditional Surrender

Forced surrender without guarantees, as in Japan post-atomic bombs

Karl Marx

Father of communism, advocating for equality and equity

Sykes-Picot Agreement

Treaties dividing Ottoman Empire among European nations

Provincial Government

Period of anarchy after major government collapse, like in Russia

Chinese Civil War

Conflict between Republic of China and Communist China

Russian Civil War

Multi-party revolution against pre-existing Soviet government

Deng Xiaoping

Statesman of Republic of China from 1970s to 1990s

Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution

Working class overthrowing Bourgeois, part of communist movements

Great Leap Forward

Mao's plan for productive agricultural and industrialization in China

Century of Humiliation

China's economic struggles post-dynastic fall

Opium War

China's resistance to Western powers' opium trade

Taiping Rebellion

China's largest civil war

Boxer Rebellion

Anti-imperialist movement against Western influence in China

Meiji Restoration

Restoration of imperial system in China post-Taiping Rebellion

Zaibatsu

Financial and industrial growth in Japan leading to increased power

1905 Russian Revolution

Political and social revolution against unjust ruling class

Vladimir Lenin and Bolshevik Party

Founding of Soviet Communist Party during WWI

Armenian Genocide

Erasure of Armenian population in Ottoman Empire during WWI

Young Turks (CUP)

Revolutionary parties in Ottoman and Turkish empires

Franz Ferdinand

Assassination sparking WWI

NATO v Warsaw Pact

Defense treaties dividing Eastern and Western countries, leading to Cold War