Ab Psych Chapter 11: Schizophrenia

CBT

________: goal isnt to cure schizophrenia, but rather to manage symptoms and reduce stress.

attention

Associated deficits: regulating ________, organizing thoughts, formulating goal, planning action.

interruption of speech

Blocking: Involuntary, abrupt, ________ or thought.

Negative Symptoms

________: Loss of motivation, disinterest, social withdrawal, blunted affect.

Avolition

________- apathy, lack of interest or engagement in goal- directed behavior (cant convert desires into actions)

Neuroleptics

________- block dopamine receptors, reduce hallucinations and delusions.

Catatonia

________- state of unresponsiveness to external stimuli (odd gestures & facial expressions, may become stuck in odd postures)

erroneous belief

Delusions: A(n) ________ that is fixed and firmly held despite clear contradictory evidence.

Looseness of associations

________: words combined incoherently; jumping from one topic to another.

Sex differences

________: females have more functioning before onset, tend to respond more favorably to treatment.

Brain abnormalities

________: people with schizophrenia have abnormally enlarged ventricles, decreased gray matter.

Speech

Disorganized ________: a breakdown in the organization, processing, and control of thoughts.

Biochemical

________: Overactivity of dopamine transmission in the brain (dopamine hypothesis)

Amphetamines

________- increase concentration of dopamine, in high doses of amphetamines- can cause schizophrenia- like symptoms.

Viral infections

________: Higher risk for disability if pregnant women are exposed to flu virus in 1st trimester.

Acute phase

________: Apparent psychotic symptoms present, Behavior becomes increasingly odd over time.

Prodromal phase

________: early, subtle signs of deterioration.

Hallucinations

________: sensory perceptions experienced in the absence of any external perceptual stimulus.

Family Intervention Programs

________: educating family about schizophrenia, demonstrating how to relate it in a less hostile way, aims at reducing family conflict and improving social functioning in schizophrenia.

Schizophreniform Disorder

________: Similar to schizophrenia but symptoms occur for a shorter period of time (1 to 6 months)

Brief Psychotic Disorder

________: at least one of the symptoms (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior) and lasts from a day to a month.

Delusions

An erroneous belief that is fixed and firmly held despite clear contradictory evidence

Delusions of persecution or paranoia

"The CIA is out to get me"

Delusions of reference

"People on TV are making fun of me"

Delusions of being controlled

"believing own thoughts, feelings, impulses, actions, are controlled by external forces"

Delusions of grandeur

"believing to be Jesus or have grand but illogical plans for saving the world"

Hallucinations

sensory perceptions experienced in the absence of any external perceptual stimulus

Disorganized Speech

a breakdown in the organization, processing, and control of thoughts

Looseness of associations

words combined incoherently; jumping from one topic to another

Neologisms

made up words

Perseveration

persistent repetition

Clanging

stringing together words or sounds based on rhyming

Blocking

Involuntary, abrupt, interruption of speech or thought

Incoherence

word salad

Avolition

apathy, lack of interest or engagement in goal-directed behavior (cant convert desires into actions)

Blunted/flat affect

absence of emotional expression in the face and voice

Exaggerated or inappropriate affect

e.g., laughing for no reason or giggling at bad news

Brief Psychotic Disorder

at least one of the symptoms (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior) and lasts from a day to a month

Schizophreniform Disorder

Similar to schizophrenia but symptoms occur for a shorter period of time (1 to 6 months)

Delusional Disorder

Bizarre delusions but no other odd behavior

Schizoaffective Disorder

"Mixed bag" of symptoms