Studied by 3 people
Social Anxiety Disorder
A disorder characterized by intense feelings of discomfort in situations that invite public scrutiny
Need for Affiliation
A desire to establish social contact with others
Utility Theory
Stress sparks the desire to affiliate only when being with others is seen as useful in reducing the negative impact of the stressful situation
Loneliness
A feeling of deprivation about existing social relations
Intimate loneliness
When someone wants but does not have a spouse, significant other, or best friends to rely on for emotional support, especially during personal crises
Relational loneliness
When someone wants but does not have friendships from school and work and family connections
Collective loneliness
When someone wants but does not have remote relationships and social identities derived from alumni and clubs
Hikikomori
A form of social withdrawal that affects a significant number of young adults in Japan
Mere Exposure Effect
The phenomenon whereby the more often people are exposed to a stimulus, the more positively they evaluate that stimulus
Group Attractiveness Effect
The perceived physical attractiveness of a group as a whole is greater than the average attractiveness of its individual members
What-is-beautiful-is-good Stereotype
The belief that physically attractive individuals also possess desirable personality characteristics
Matching Hypothesis
The proposition that people are attracted to others who are similar in physical attractiveness
I-sharing
When two people at a common event bond over reactions, they feel as though theyve shared a subjective experience
Complementarity Hypothesis
People seek others whose needs oppose their own
Reciprocity
A mutual exchange between what we give and what we receive
Hard-to-get Effect
The tendency to prefer people who are highly selective in their social choices over those who are more readily available
Non-selective
having poor taste or low standards
Too selective
having very high taste
Psychological Reactance
The proposition that people are highly motivated to protect their freedom to choose and behave as they please
Expression of love
how happy are they when the disclosure comes before sex compared to after
Jealousy
A negative emotional state that arises from a perceived threat to ones relationship
Empty Shell Marriage
A marriage that revolves around coordinated daily activities, but emotional attachment is weak and psychological needs go unmet
Stimulus Stage
Attraction is sparked by external attributes such as physical appearance
Value Stage
Attachment is based on similarity of values and beliefs
Role Stage
Commitment is based on the enactment of such roles as husband and wife
Social Exchange Theory
A perspective that views people as motivated to maximize benefits and minimize costs in their relationships with others
Investment
Something a person puts into a relationship that they cannot recover if the relationship ends
Equity Theory
The theory that people are most satisfied with a relationship when the ratio between benefits and contributions is similar for both partners
Trust-Insurance System
A natural, unconscious system employed by people in relationships in which they keep a tally of costs and benefits in order to detect and repair possible imbalances
Exchange Relationship
A relationship in which the participants expect and desire strict reciprocity in their interactions
Communal Relationship
A relationship in which the participants expect and desire mutual responsiveness to each others needs
Secure Attachment
When babies cry in distress when the mother leaves them and beams with delight when she returns
Avoidant-Insecure Attachment
When babies dont react much when the mother leaves or when she returns
Anxious-Insecure Attachment
When babies cling and cry when the mother leaves and greets her with anger or apathy upon her return
storge
friendship love
mania
demanding and possessive love
Intimacy
The emotional component, which involves liking and feelings of closeness
Passion
The motivational component, which contains drives that trigger attraction, romance, and sexual desire
Commitment
The cognitive component, which reflects the decision to make a long-term commitment to a loved partner
Companionate Love
A secure, trusting, stable partnership
Excitation Transfer
The process whereby arousal caused by one stimulus is added to arousal from a second stimulus and the combined arousal is attributed to the second stimulus
Self-Disclosure
Revelations about the self that a person makes to others
Social Penetration Theory
Relationships progress from superficial exchanges to more intimate ones
Sexual Orientation
A persons preference for members of the same sex (homosexuality), opposite sex (heterosexuality), or both sexes (bisexuality)
T/F: People seek out the company of others, even strangers, in times of stress.
True
T/F: Infants do not discriminate between faces considered attractive and unattractive in their culture.
False
T/F: People who are physically attractive are happier and have higher self-esteem than those who are unattractive.
False
T/F: When it comes to romantic relationships, opposites attract.
False
T/F: Men are more likely than women to interpret friendly gestures by the opposite sex in sexual terms.
True
T/F: After the honeymoon period, there is an overall decline in levels of marital satisfaction.
True
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Flashcard (135)