Land and Agrarian Reform in the Philippines

Flashcards of key vocabulary terms and definitions related to the Land and Agrarian Reform in the Philippines.

Land Reform

Programs and measures by the government to bring about more effective control and use of land for the benefit of the community.

Aim of Land Reform

Changing the agrarian structure to bring equity and increase productivity.

Agrarian Reform

More complex than land reform; includes measures to modernize agricultural practices and improve living conditions within the entire agrarian community.

Datus

Chiefs who comprised the nobility in the Filipino social structure.

Timawas

Freemen in the Filipino social structure.

Aliping Namamahay

Serfs in the Filipino social structure.

Aliping Saguiguilid

Slaves in the Filipino social structure.

Encomiendas

Lands divided and granted to encourage Spanish settlers or reward soldiers who served the Crown.

Indios

Natives during the Spanish colonial period.

Encomenderos

The first group of hacenderos in the country.

Dominican and Augustinian

Estate proprietors during the Spanish period; religious orders.

Spanish Peninsulares

Estate proprietors during the Spanish period; Spanish peninsula residents.

Native Principales

Estate proprietors during the Spanish period; Native elites.

Inquilinos

Those who leased lands from the Dominican friars.

First Philippine Republic (Emilio Aguinaldo)

Declared its intention to confiscate large estates, especially the Friar Lands.

Philippine Bill of 1902

Imposed specific conditions on the disposition of public lands.

Land Registration Act of 1902 (Act No. 496)

Provided for a comprehensive registration of land titles under the Torrens system.

Rice Share Tenancy Act of 1933 (Act No. 4054)

Regulated relationships between landowners and tenants of rice lands.

Tenancy Act of 1933 (Act No. 4113)

Regulated relationships between landowners and tenants of sugar cane fields.

Torrens system

System of land registration introduced by the Americans.

Commonwealth Period (Manuel Quezon)

Compulsory arbitration of agrarian conflicts.

Republic Act No. 34

Established a 70-30 sharing arrangement between tenant and landlord.

Executive Order No. 355

Replaced the National Land Settlement Administration.

Republic Act No. 1166

Creation of National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration (NARRA).

Republic Act No. 1199

Agricultural Tenancy Act provided security of tenure for tenants.

Republic Act No. 1400

Land Reform Act provided for the acquisition of large tenanted rice and corn lands.

Republic Act No. 3844

Agricultural Land Reform Code; abolished share tenancy; institutionalized leasehold.

Republic Act No. 6389

Instituted Code of Agrarian Reform and created the Department of Agrarian Reform.

Presidential Decree No. 2

Placed the whole country under the land reform program.

Presidential Decree No. 27

Restricted land reform scope to tenanted rice and corn lands.

Proclamation No. 131

Institutionalized the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) and Agrarian Reform Fund (ARF).

Executive Order No. 129-A

Reorganized, streamlined and expanded power and operation of DAR.

Executive Order No. 228

Declared full ownership to qualified farmer-beneficiaries covered by P.D. 27.

Executive Order No. 229

Provided mechanism for the implementation of CARP.

Republic Act No. 6657

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law.