End-Trimester Exam Revision

Which tasks can be used to assess the function of the orthographic input lexicon?

-written lexical decision task
-understand written words
-read aloud exception words

Reading alow non-words would be used to examine what module?

grapheme-phoneme conversion

which module in the world recognition model is defined as a mental dictionary (stored representation) of all the words you can spell or write?

the orthographic output lexicon

What is the role of the phonological output buffer?

the temporary storage of phonemes to be uttered

The phoneme to grapheme conversion is helpful when you have to -

spell unfamiliar words or non words from spoken to written output

T/F: Patients with pure Alexia demonstrate a decreased reading response time as word length increases

false

what is NOT a type of peripheral dyslexia?

surface dyslexia

How should the following error be classified? - The word 'EDITION' is read as ' EDITOR'

morphological error

someone with deep dyslexia demonstrates what type of errors?

-semantic errors
-morphological errors
-function word errors

According to the right hemisphere approach, what is the initial source of impairment of deep dyslexia?

the left hemisphere reading system orthographic impairment

in the case of JH with deep dyslexia (Ska et al) what tasks were most affected?

homophones and word design

T/F: according to the assumptions of the sensory-functional theory of semantic memory: when naming living things, the emphasis i on visual and associative information

false

1) Which response below provides evidence against the sensory-functional theory of semantic memory?

a) Cannot explain selective deficits (e.g., deficit only for body parts)
b) There are patients with problems in processing visual information that does not have a category-specific semantic processing deficit
c) Early supporting studies of both normals and patients had methodological problems
d) All of the above are pieces of evidence against the sensory-functional theory of semantic memory.

d) All of the above are pieces of evidence against the sensory-functional theory of semantic memory.

What is a limitation to the domain-specific hypothesis of sematic memory?

it lacks specificity as to how knowledge is represented within categories

1) Which of the following statements is INCORRECT in relation to the OUCH approach to semantic memory?

a) Core semantic properties of an object tend to be highly intercorrelated
b) Members of a semantic category share attributes
c) It cannot account for very severe deficits
d) Within a category, representation occurs within semantic space and is lumpy

c) It cannot account for very severe deficits

Which approach to semantic memory is based on the notion that sensory information is represented in interconnected but separate nodes?

sensory-functional theory

1) Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the Conceptual-Structure account of semantic memory?

a) Living things have more shared features than non-living things
b) Non-living things have more distinct or informative features than living things
c) For living things biological information is highly correlated with the shared perceptual properties
D) All of the above are assumptions of theConceptual-Structure account of semantic memory

D) All of the above are assumptions of theConceptual-Structure account of semantic memory

1) Which of the following is NOT a prediction made by the Conceptual-Structure account of semantic memory?

a) When brain damage is mild this will produce a deficit for living things
b) When brain damage is severe this will produce a deficit for living things as whole sets of intercorrelated features are wiped out
c) When brain damage is mild this will produce a deficit for non-living things (artefacts) as these concepts have more informative/distinct features that are wiped out at this level of damage
d) All of the above are predictions made by the Conceptual-Structure account of semantic memory

d) All of the above are predictions made by the Conceptual-Structure account of semantic memory

A patient believes that people are following them around but wearing a disguise. The person would be suffering from

fregoli delusion

1) Which option below best describes Somatoparaphrenia?

a) The belief that you have physically or psychologically changed into someone else
b) The delusion that another place exists that is identical to the one you are in
c) The visuomotor disorder in reaching for target objects
d) Denial of ownership of your left limbs

d) Denial of ownership of your left limbs

1) Which of the following is NOT accurate of Capgras delusions?

a) Capgras delusions are monothematic
b) Often the false belief is encapsulated
c) Capgras delusions are rare
d) Capgras patients can be aware that what they believe is odd

c) Capgras delusions are rare

f you saw a patient who had extremely low emotional arousal for all stimuli and damage to the right frontal lobe you would assume this patient has -

cortard delusion

1) Which of the following is NOT an explanation for Capgras Delusion?

a) The two hemispheres are disconnected and therefore cannot integrate the visual information about faces
b) The disconnection between the face recognition system and the limbic system produces Capgras Delusion
c) Limbic activation (glow) helps to link each encounter with that person together
d) The negative attribution with poor autonomic arousal causes Capgras delusion

d) The negative attribution with poor autonomic arousal causes Capgras delusion

The belief you are not in control of movements you make is known as -

delusion of alien control

The statement - 'I am not me but rather my grandmother'; is an indication of what delusion?

reverse inter metamorphosis

What term refers to a type of apraxia causes disruption of the conceptual component of the praxis system?

ideational apraxia

which everyday action test is an extension of the Multiple-Objects Test?

Multi-Level Action Test (MLAT)

1) Which of the following is NOT TRUE of a patient with Action Disorganisation Syndrome (ADS)?

a) They would have frontal lobe damage
b) They would have difficulty in performing routine everyday multi-step tasks.
c) They would have utilisation behaviour disorder co-occurring with ADS
d) They would spread shaving cream onto their toothbrush.

c) They would have utilisation behaviour disorder co-occurring with ADS

A patient uses a spoon to spread jam on toast. This is an example of -

a tool substitution

1) According to the Apraxia model by Cubelli et al. (2000) which of the following would be TRUE if there was damage to the visuomotor conversion mechanism?

a) An inability to perform any actions on command
b) An inability to understand any commands to perform an action
c) An inability to imitate meaningless gestures but still comprehend and perform actions on command
d) An inability to imitate all gestures, and no problems with comprehending instructions to perform actions on command

c) An inability to imitate meaningless gestures but still comprehend and perform actions on command

when examining the effects of video games on attentional capacity, which task measures attention over time?

attentional blink task

In relation to studies on video games, on what tasks would you be presented with between 1-12 squares for 50ms, and asked to indicate how many squares appeared?

enumeration task

Which of the following tasks did participants in Franceschini and colleagues (2013) study complete?

a) Distributed attention task
b) Focused attention task
c) Cross modal attention task
d) All of the above

d) all of the above

1) In relation to the findings of Bavelier, Achtman & Focker (2012) which of the following is most accurate?

a) VGPs were more efficient than NVGPs of fronto-parietal attention networks, visual processing and filtering out irrelevant information.
b) NVGPs were more efficient than VGPs of fronto-parietal attention networks, visual processing and filtering out irrelevant information.
c) VGPs showed significant increased activation of the frontal areas with increased task load.
d) NVGPs showed insignificant increased activation of the frontal areas with increased task load.

a) VGPs were more efficient than NVGPs of fronto-parietal attention networks, visual processing and filtering out irrelevant information.

Franceschini and colleagues (2013) participants were:

Twenty Italian children with dyslexia who did not have action video game experience.

The most common form of synaesthesia is

grapheme-colour

1) Which statement below is NOT TRUE of synesthesia?

a) Each synesthete has their own unique scheme of associations
b) Associations for one person are always the same pairings
c) Synesthetic images usually continue long after the stimulus disappears
d) Synesthesia may be due to extra neural connections

c) Synesthetic images usually continue long after the stimulus disappears

The ventral attention network is associated with __________________ processing

bottom-up

The ________________ is lesioned in neglect, whereas the _______________ is anatomically intact

ventral network, dorsal network

A neglect patient does not complete the line bisection task on the left-hand side of the page. What is true of the patient?

they have right hemisphere damage