MODULE 5: COMMUNICATION PRINCIPLE

CISCO

method, language, confirmation

These are key components of effective communication, where method refers to the way messages are conveyed, language is the system of words used, and confirmation is the feedback that ensures understanding.

Message format

depends on the type of message and the channel that is used to deliver the message

message size

governs the size of the pieces communicated across the network

timing

determines the speed at which the bits are transmitted across the network and can affect the overall performance and efficiency of communication.

encoding

is the process of converting information into a particular format for efficient transmission and storage. It ensures that the data is accurately transmitted over communication channels.

encapsulation

the process of adding header that contains the addressing information that identifies the source and destination hoststo the data being transmitted. This method allows for better management and routing of packets within the network.

header

contains addressing information that identifies the source and destination

message pattern

is a structured format for organizing and transmitting information within communication systems. It ensures clarity and consistency in the exchange of messages.

Request for Comments (RFC)

this is where proposed standard for each stage of development and approval process is recorded

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

a standard organization that managed and published RFCs for internet standard

Protocols

rules that govern network communications including the message format, message size, timing and encapsulation.

Network Protocols

TCP, IP, TCP, HTTP

Ethernet

protocol that governs the network interface card to another NIC in the network

Internet protocol

governs from the original source all the way to the final destination

Transmission Control Protocol

makes sure that the information gets there reliably by establishing a connection and ensuring error checking and data integrity.

Hypertext Transfer protocol

governs the exchange or transfer of HTML and other web content over the internet.

network access

a tcp/ip layer utilizes the ethernet protocol

internet

a tcp/ip protocol that utilize the IP Protocol

transport

a tcp/ip layer that utilize the tcp

application layer

a tcp/ip layer that supports application-level protocols like HTTP and FTP.

internet model

the first layered model for internetwork communications that was created in the early 1970s

application layer

represents data to the user, plus encoding and dialog control

transport layer

supports communication between various devices across diverse networks

internet layer

determines the best path through the network

network access

controls the hardware device and media that make up the network

protocol model

model closely matches the structure of a particular protocol suite and describes the functions that occur at each layer. Example is TCP/IP

protocol suite

it includes the set of related protocols that typically provide all the functionality required for people to communicate with the data network

reference model

type of model describes the functions that must be completed at a particular layer, but does not specify exactly how a function should be accomplished. An example is the OSI model, which serves as a standard for interworking.

application layer

an OSI layer that contains protocols used for process to process commnnications

presentation layer

an OSI layer provides for common representation of the data transferred between application layer services

session layer

an OSI layer that provides services to the presentation layer to organize its dialogue and to manage data exchange

transport layer

OSI layer that defines services to segment, transfer. and reassemble the data for individual communications between the end devices

network layer

an OSI layer that provides services to exchange the individual pieces of data over the network between identified end devices

data link layer

an OSI layer that describes the methods of exchanging data frames between devices over a common media

physical layer

an OSI layer that describes the mechanical, electrical, functional, and procedural means to activate, maintain. and de activate physical connections for a bit transmission to and from a network device

TCP/IP model

is a method of visualizing the interactions of the various protocols