ORAL COM - Quarterly Exam Reviewer

Interactive Model

deals with exchange of ideas and messages taking place both ways from sender to receiver and vice-versa.

Indirect and Slow Fredback

Wilbur Schramm

Father of Mass Communication

Schramm’s Model

This model indicates that communication can take place if and only if there is an overlap between the Field of Experience of the Speaker and the Field of Experience of the Listener.

Field of Experience

Things that influences the understanding and interpretation of message like culture, social background, beliefs, experiences, values and rules.

White’s Model

transactional communication model with eight elements including feedback.

Clarity

The message is precise and Unambiguous

Concise

Brief and to the point; Conveying maximum information with fewest words

Concrete

Specific and Factual

Correct

Free from all grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, and factual inaccuracies

Coherent

Logical and well-organized; Ensures a smooth flow

Complete

Provides all necessary information; answers potential “Who, What, When, Where, Why, How” Questions

Courteous

Respectful, polite, and considerate

Intercultural Communication

Communication between people from different cultural backgrounds.

Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity

Meaning of DMIS

DMIS

Offers a structure that explores how people experience cultural differences.

Denial

DMIS Stages

The individual does not recognize cultural differences

Defense

DMIS STAGES

The individual starts to recognize cultural differences and is intimidated by them, resulting in either a superior view on own culture or an unjustified high regard for the new one.

Minimization

DMIS STAGES

Although individuals see cultural differences, they bank more on the universality of ideas rather than on cultural differences.

Acceptance

DMIS STAGES

The individual begins to appreciate important cultural differences in behaviors and eventually in values.

Adaptation

DMIS STAGES

The individual is very open to world views when accepting new perspectives

Integration

DMIS STAGES

Individuals start to go beyond their own cultures and see themselves and their actions based on multifarious cultural viewpoints.

Denial, Defense, Minimization, Acceptance, Adaptation, Integration

6 STAGES OF DMIS