EMT Trauma Assesment

What are the 6 parts of the scene survey?

Scene safety PPE/BSI MOI/NOI Number of patient's Additional resources Consider C

Please list the 3 major organs in the LUQ.

Stomach Spleen Portion of the colon

A "hip" fracture is actually a fracture of the:

proximal femur

A Colles fracture involves a fracture of the:

distal radius

A fracture is MOST accurately defined as a(n):

a break in the continuity of a bone

Blood in the urine is known as:

hematuria

Bone marrow produces:

blood cells

Bones are connected to other bones by bands of tough fibrous tissues called:

ligaments

Crepitus and false motion are:

positive indicators of a fracture.

Following direct trauma to the left upper back, a 44

year

Traction splints are used primarily to immobilize and secure fractures of the:

Femur

Which of the following statements about compartment syndrome is NOT true?

It most commonly occurs with a fractured femur

Joints are bathed and lubricated by___fluid.

Synovial

The___is one of the most commonly fractured bones in the body.

Clavicle

There is often a significant amount of blood loss, as much as 500 to___mL, after a fracture of the shaft of the femur.

1,000

Accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will MOST likely cause:

Distention

Early bruising following abdominal trauma often manifests as:

Red areas of skin

In pediatric patients, the liver and spleen are___:

Larger in proportion to the abdomen

Placing a pregnant patient in a supine position during the third trimester of pregnancy:

May decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart

The largest organ in the abdomen is the:

liver

The mesentery is:

A membranous fold that attaches the intestines to the walls of the body

The___system is responsible for filtering waste.

Urinary

List 3 solid organs.

Liver Spleen Pancreas

A 12

year

A patient complaining of chest tightness, coughing up blood, and subcutaneous emphysema following an explosion may be suffering from a:

Pulmonary blast injury

Approximately 25% of severe injuries to the aorta occur during:

Lateral collisions

Signs of a pulmonary blast injury include:

coughing up blood

Which of the following statements regarding gunshot wounds is correct?

The speed of a bullet has the greatest impact on the injury produced

Which types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts?

Rotational and rollover

Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min. His Revised Trauma Score (RTS) is:

9

A compression injury to the anterior portion of the brain and stretching of the posterior is called a(n)___brain injury.

Coup

Describe the signs/symptoms you would see or look with a patient suffering from chest trauma.

Chest pain, difficulty breathing, decreased spo2, rapid, weak pulse, hypotension, asymmetric chest wall, movement, JVD, narrowing pulse pressure, subcutaneous emphysema

Largest artery in the body

aorta

Hollow muscular organ

Heart

Lower chamber of the heart

Ventricle

Link arterioles and veins

capillaries

Upper chamber of the heart

atrium

Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

pulmonary veins

A 39

year

A 70

year

A patient is bleeding severely from a severed femoral artery high in the groin region. Which of the following would MOST likely control the bleeding?

Apply a topical hemostatic agent with direct pressure

Gastrointestinal bleeding should be suspected if a patient presents with:

Hematemesis

If applying a dressing to control the bleeding of a patient's arm, the EMT should___.

A.apply direct pressure first B.use large or small gauze pads or dressings depending upon the size of the wound C.cover the entire wound, above and below, with the dressing D.all these answers are correct D

If direct pressure fails to immediately stop severe bleeding from an extremity, you should apply:

A tourniquet proximal to the injury

In non trauma patients, an early indicator of internal bleeding is:

Dizziness upon standing

Significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than___of his or her total blood volume.

20%

Which of the following body systems or components is the LEAST critical for supplying and maintaining adequate blood flow to the body?

The filtering of blood cells in the spleen

Which of the following occurs after tissues are injured?

Platelets collect at the injury site

___bleeding is any bleeding in a cavity or space inside the body.

Internal

Rate the response and score the verbal section for a GCS. (Use the chart.)

Oriented conversation 5 Confused conversation 4 Inappropriate conversation 3 Incomprehensible sounds 2 None 1

Inner layer of skin that contains the structures that gave skin its characteristic appearance

Dermis

Cool the body by discharging a substance through the pores

Sweat glands

Tough external layer forming a watertight covering for the body

Epidermis

Secrete a watery substance that lubricates the openings of the mouth and nose

Mucous membranes

Produce oil, which waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple

Sebaceous glands

Skinned knee

Abrasion

Razor cut

Laceration

Gunshot wound

penetrating wound

___burns may involve the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone, or internal organs.

Full

A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a:

Superficial burn

Patient's with full

thickness (third

The skin covering the___is quite thick.

Scalp

The skin regulates temperature in a cold environment by:

Constricting the blood vessels

When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should:

Brush away the chemical before flushing with water

Which of the following is a severe burn is a 2

year

With regard to the pediatric rule of nines, the:

legs are proportionately smaller than an adult's.

A 30

year

The Adam's apple is:

the upper part of the larynx that is formed by the thyroid cartilage.

The brain connects to the spinal cord through a large opening at the base of the skull known as the:

Foramen magnum

The eyeball itself is referred to as the:

Globe

The lower jawbone is called the:

Mandible

When stabilizing a large foreign object in the eye, you should first cover the eye with a moist dressing, then:

Surround the object with a doughnut

You respond to a 71

year

The___regions of the cranium are located on the lateral portion of the head.

Temporal

A 45

year

An epidural hematoma is MOST accurately defined as:

Bleeding between the skull and dura mater

Bleeding within the brain tissue itself is called a(n):

Intracerebral hematoma

The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the:

Brain and spinal cord

The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is used to assess:

eye opening, verbal response, motor response

Which of the following sets of vital signs depicts Crushing triad?

Blood pressure, 190/110 mm Hg; pulse 55 beats/min; respirations, 30 breaths/min

Chest

Thoracic cage

Center cavity of the thorax

mediastinum

Sac around the heart

Pericardium

Major artery in the chest

Aorta

Chest rises

inhalation

Chest falls

exhalation

An open pneumothorax occurs when:

Air enters the pleural space from outside the body

Children are often "belly breathers" because___.

Their intercostal muscles are not developed

Patient's with chest injuries will often presents with___.

Tachypnea

The trachea divides into the right and left stem___.

Bronchi

What is flail chest?

1.Flail chest occurs when 3 or more ribs are fractured in 2 or more places. It can also occur when the sternum is fractured along with several ribs. 2.S/S detached portion is moving opposite of normal. 3.Breathing is painful this leads to hypoxemia

What are the types of blast injuries?

Primary Secondary Terrestrial Quaternary

Label the pneumonic DCAP

BTLS

All critical life functions are coordinated in which part of the brain?

Brain stem

Negative

pressure breathing involves:

The___is made up of the maxilla and zygoma, as well as the frontal bone of the cranium.

Orbit

The___portion of the spinal column is joined to the iliac bones of the pelvis.

Sacrum

The bones of the forearm are called the:

Radius and ulna

The elbow is an example of a___joint.

Hinge