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This goes over the information that is needed to be known from Chapters 1 & 2 for Exam I. This includes mathematical problems and other concepts to memorize.
Mass
The nucleus contains the majority of an atom’s _______________.
Volume
Electrons occupy almost all of an atom’s _____________.
Atomic Mass Unit
Amu stands for _________________________.
Alpha Particles
What highly energetic particles were used in Rutherford’s gold foil experiment?
Neutrons
Two isotopes of the same element will differ in their number of ______________.
17, 35, 18
How many protons, neutrons, & electrons are in Cl-?
Look at periodic table for reference.
a) 17, 35, 17
b) 17, 35, 16
c) 17, 35, 18
Protons = 78
Electrons = 74
Charge = 4+
A platinum ion has a mass number (A) of 195 and 74 e-. What is the number of protons, neutrons, and what is the charge?
Look at periodic table for reference.
Z = 12
Magnesium exists as a mixture of 3 isotopes:
24Mg, 25Mg, 26Mg
What is the atomic number (Z)?
Look at periodic table for reference.
A = 24, 25, 26
Magnesium exists as a mixture of 3 isotopes:
24Mg, 25Mg, 26Mg
What is the mass number (A)?
12, 13, 14
Magnesium exists as a mixture of 3 isotopes:
24Mg, 25Mg, 26Mg
How many neutrons are in each isotope?
12 e-
Magnesium exists as a mixture of 3 isotopes:
24Mg, 25Mg, 26Mg
How many electrons are in isotope?
Atomic # = 92
Mass # = 235
Protons = 92
Neutrons = 143
Electrons = 92
What is the atomic #, mass #, protons, neutrons, and electrons in Uranium-235?
Look at periodic table as reference.
Horizontal Rows
What are the periods (series) on a periodic table?
Columns
What are the groups on a periodic table?
P (Phosphorus)
Which one is a main group element?
a) Ag
b) Pt
c) W
d) P
Chalcogen
What is the group name for sulfur?
a) Halogen
b) Alkaline
c) Metalloid
d) Chalcogen
Noble Gases
What is the group name for neon?
True
NaCl is an ionic compound.
True or False?
Smaller
A cation is _____________ than its neutral atom.
Larger
An anion will be ____________ than its neutral atom.
2-
What charge does Group 16 have on the periodic table?
1-
What charge does Group 17 have on the periodic table?
0
What charge does Group 18 have on the periodic table?
234Th
What is the product of the alpha emission from the isotope Uranium-238?
Do the math!
a) 232Th
b) 234Th
c) 237Np
d) 231Pa
2 protons and 2 neutrons
What do alpha particles always have?
23
How many electrons are in Fe3+?
Look at periodic table for reference.
a) 26
b) 24
c) 22
d) 23
CHN
Convert C5H5N5 to an empirical formula. What would it be?
A chemical in its simplest form
How can you define an empirical formula?
Ag2CO3
(It is already in its simplest form).
Convert Ag2CO3 to an empirical formula. What would it be?
Decimals and Fractions
When converting a chemical to its empirical formula, what is not allowed?
C3H7N2O
Convert C6H14N4O2 to an empirical formula. What would it be?
Sulfur-35
Which atom has the most neutrons?
Do the math!
a) Neon-20
b) Phosphorus-32
c) Chlorine-35
d) Sulfur-35
Non-Metal and Metal
An ionic compound consists of what?
Sharing of e- between non-metals
A covalent bond, which can be known as a covalent compound or molecular compound, consists of what?
2-
What is the charge of the oxide ion in the ionic compound of MgO?
a) 1+
b) 2+
c) 1-
d) 2-
Balanced
In an ionic bond the charges are ______________.
Al2O3
In the ionic bond of Al3+O2-, what would it look like balanced?
(Hint: Can use the criss-cross method to figure this out).
30 Protons
How many protons are in Zinc-67?
Look at the periodic table as a reference!
a) 67
b) 37
c) 30
d) 12
Mass # = 96
An atom of Molybdenum containing 42p+ and 54n, has what mass number?
Do the math!
(Hint: Mass number consists of the number of protons & neutrons).
Many
Polyatomic Ions have ________ atoms with a charge.
Which of the following contain a polyatomic ion?
a) NaCl
b) Na2S
c) NaOH
d) Na3H
Length
Meter (m) measures what?
Mass
Kilogram (kg) measures what?
Time
Second (s) measures what?
Temperature
Kelvin (k) measures what?
Electric current
Ampere (A) measures what?
Amount of substance
Mole (mol) measures what?
Luminous Intensity
Candela (cd) measures what?
10^-15
Femto (f) has what factor?
10^-12
Pico (P) has what factor?
10^-9
Nano (n) has what factor?
10^-6
Micro has what factor?
10^-3
Milli (m) has what factor?
10^-2
Centi (c) has what factor?
10^-1
Deci (d) has what factor?
10^3
Kilo (k) has what factor?
10^6
Mega (M) has what factor?
10^9
Giga (G) has what factor?
10^12
Tera (T) has what factor?
H, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I
What are the 7 diatomic elements on the periodic table?
Look at the periodic table for reference.
Alpha Particles
Positively charged particles of radiation emitted from the decay of radioactive substances are known as what?
10.794 amu
An unknown element X has the following isotopes: ¹⁰X (20.00% abundant, atomic mass = 10.01 amu) and ¹¹X (80.00% abundant, atomic mass = 10.99 amu). What is the average atomic mass in amu of X?
Do the math!
Mass # = 106
What is the mass number of palladium-106?
Intensive
What type of property is density?
a) Intensive
b) Extensive
c) Both
d) Neither
Extensive
Properties that vary depending on the amount of matter.
Intensive
Properties that do not change with the amount of matter.
CaCO3
What is the common chemical formula of calcium carbonate, a common antacid?
Baking Soda
What is the common name for the following, NaHCO3?
D = m/v
What is the equation for density?
Mass
__________ is a measure of the amount of matter in an object.
Weight
___________ refers to the force that gravity exerts on an object.
Homogenous
A _______________ mixture exhibits a uniform composition and appears visually the same throughout.
Heterogenous
A ____________________ mixture has a composition that varies from point to point.
Density, color, hardness, melting and boiling points, and electrical \n conductivity
Physical Property
Flammability, toxicity, acidity, reactivity, and heat of combustion.
Chemical Property
Positive
What is the charge of a proton?
Negative
What is the charge of an electron?
Neutral
What is the charge of an neutron?
Metals
____________ are shiny, malleable, good conductors of heat and electricity.
Non-Metals
______________ appear dull, poor conductors of heat and electricity.
Metalloids
______________ conduct heat and electricity moderately well and possess some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals.
Alkaline Metals
Group 1
Alkaline Earth Metals
Group 2
Pnictoogens
Group 15
Chalcogens
Group 16
Halogens
Group 17
Noble Gases
Group 18
NH4+
ammonium
H3O+
hydronium
O22−
peroxide
OH−
Hydroxide
CH3COO−
acetate
CN−
cyanide
N3−
azide
CO32−
carbonate
HCO3−
bicarbonate
H2PO4−
dihydrogen phosphate
ClO4−
perchlorate
ClO3−
chlorate
ClO2−
chlorite
Note
Flashcard