Chemistry Exam I

This goes over the information that is needed to be known from Chapters 1 & 2 for Exam I. This includes mathematical problems and other concepts to memorize.

Mass

The nucleus contains the majority of an atom’s _______________.

Volume

Electrons occupy almost all of an atom’s _____________.

Atomic Mass Unit

Amu stands for _________________________.

Alpha Particles

What highly energetic particles were used in Rutherford’s gold foil experiment?

Neutrons

Two isotopes of the same element will differ in their number of ______________.

17, 35, 18

How many protons, neutrons, & electrons are in Cl-?

**Look at periodic table for reference.**

a) 17, 35, 17

b) 17, 35, 16

c) 17, 35, 18

Protons = 78

Electrons = 74

Charge = 4+

A platinum ion has a mass number (A) of 195 and 74 e-. What is the number of protons, neutrons, and what is the charge?

**Look at periodic table for reference.**

Z = 12

Magnesium exists as a mixture of 3 isotopes:

24Mg, 25Mg, 26Mg

What is the atomic number (Z)?

**Look at periodic table for reference.**

A = 24, 25, 26

Magnesium exists as a mixture of 3 isotopes:

24Mg, 25Mg, 26Mg

What is the mass number (A)?

12, 13, 14

Magnesium exists as a mixture of 3 isotopes:

24Mg, 25Mg, 26Mg

How many neutrons are in each isotope?

12 e-

Magnesium exists as a mixture of 3 isotopes:

24Mg, 25Mg, 26Mg

How many electrons are in isotope?

__Atomic #__ = 92

__Mass #__ = 235

__Protons__ = 92

__Neutrons__ = 143

__Electrons__ = 92

What is the atomic #, mass #, protons, neutrons, and electrons in Uranium-235?

**Look at periodic table as reference.**

Horizontal Rows

What are the periods (series) on a periodic table?

Columns

What are the groups on a periodic table?

P (Phosphorus)

Which one is a main group element?

a) Ag

b) Pt

c) W

d) P

Chalcogen

What is the group name for sulfur?

a) Halogen

b) Alkaline

c) Metalloid

d) Chalcogen

Noble Gases

What is the group name for neon?

True

NaCl is an ionic compound.

True or False?

Smaller

A **cation** is _____________ than its neutral atom.

Larger

An **anion** will be ____________ than its neutral atom.

2-

What charge does Group 16 have on the periodic table?

1-

What charge does Group 17 have on the periodic table?

0

What charge does Group 18 have on the periodic table?

234Th

What is the product of the alpha emission from the isotope Uranium-238?

**Do the math!**

a) 232Th

b) 234Th

c) 237Np

d) 231Pa

2 protons and 2 neutrons

What do alpha particles always have?

23

How many electrons are in Fe3+?

**Look at periodic table for reference.**

a) 26

b) 24

c) 22

d) 23

CHN

Convert C5H5N5 to an empirical formula. What would it be?

A chemical in its simplest form

How can you define an empirical formula?

Ag2CO3

**(It is already in its simplest form).**

Convert Ag2CO3 to an empirical formula. What would it be?

Decimals and Fractions

When converting a chemical to its empirical formula, what is not allowed?

C3H7N2O

Convert C6H14N4O2 to an empirical formula. What would it be?

Sulfur-35

Which atom has the most neutrons?

Do the math!

a) Neon-20

b) Phosphorus-32

c) Chlorine-35

d) Sulfur-35

Non-Metal and Metal

An ionic compound consists of what?

Sharing of e- between non-metals

A covalent bond, which can be known as a covalent compound or molecular compound, consists of what?

2-

What is the charge of the oxide ion in the ionic compound of MgO?

a) 1+

b) 2+

c) 1-

d) 2-

Balanced

In an ionic bond the charges are ______________.

Al2O3

In the ionic bond of Al3+O2-, what would it look like balanced?

**(**__**Hint:**__ **Can use the criss-cross method to figure this out).**

30 Protons

How many protons are in Zinc-67?

**Look at the periodic table as a reference!**

a) 67

b) 37

c) 30

d) 12

__Mass #__ = 96

An atom of Molybdenum containing 42p+ and 54n, has what mass number?

**Do the math!**

**(**__**Hint:**__ **Mass number consists of the number of protons & neutrons).**

Many

**Polyatomic Ions** have ________ atoms with a charge.

Which of the following contain a polyatomic ion?

a) NaCl

b) Na2S

c) NaOH

d) Na3H

Length

**Meter (m)** measures what?

Mass

**Kilogram (kg)** measures what?

Time

**Second (s)** measures what?

Temperature

**Kelvin (k)** measures what?

Electric current

**Ampere (A)** measures what?

Amount of substance

**Mole (mol)** measures what?

Luminous Intensity

**Candela (cd)** measures what?

10^-15

**Femto (f)** has what factor?

10^-12

Pico (P) has what factor?

10^-9

Nano (n) has what factor?

10^-6

Micro has what factor?

10^-3

Milli (m) has what factor?

10^-2

Centi (c) has what factor?

10^-1

Deci (d) has what factor?

10^3

Kilo (k) has what factor?

10^6

Mega (M) has what factor?

10^9

Giga (G) has what factor?

10^12

Tera (T) has what factor?

H, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I

What are the 7 diatomic elements on the periodic table?

**Look at the periodic table for reference.**

Alpha Particles

Positively charged particles of radiation emitted from the decay of radioactive substances are known as what?

10\.794 amu

An unknown element X has the following isotopes: ¹⁰X (20.00% abundant, atomic mass = 10.01 amu) and ¹¹X (80.00% abundant, atomic mass = 10.99 amu). What is the average atomic mass in amu of X?

**Do the math!**

__Mass #__ = 106

What is the mass number of palladium-106?

Intensive

What type of property is density?

a) Intensive

b) Extensive

c) Both

d) Neither

Extensive

Properties that vary depending on the amount of matter.

Intensive

Properties that do not change with the amount of matter.

CaCO3

What is the common chemical formula of calcium carbonate, a common antacid?

Baking Soda

What is the common name for the following, NaHCO3?

D = m/v

What is the equation for density?

Mass

__________ is a measure of the amount of matter in an object.

Weight

___________ refers to the force that gravity exerts on an object.

Homogenous

A _______________ mixture exhibits a **uniform composition** and appears visually the same throughout.

Heterogenous

A ____________________ mixture has a **composition that varies** from point to point.

Density, color, hardness, melting and boiling points, and electrical \n conductivity

Physical Property

Flammability, toxicity, acidity, reactivity, and heat of combustion.

Chemical Property

Positive

What is the charge of a proton?

Negative

What is the charge of an electron?

Neutral

What is the charge of an neutron?

Metals

____________ are shiny, malleable, good conductors of heat and electricity.

Non-Metals

______________ appear dull, poor conductors of heat and electricity.

Metalloids

______________ conduct heat and electricity moderately well and possess some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals.

Alkaline Metals

Group 1

Alkaline Earth Metals

Group 2

Pnictoogens

Group 15

Chalcogens

Group 16

Halogens

Group 17

Noble Gases

Group 18

NH4+

ammonium

H3O+

hydronium

O22−

peroxide

OH−

Hydroxide

CH3COO−

acetate

CN−

cyanide

N3−

azide

CO32−

carbonate

HCO3−

bicarbonate

H2PO4−

dihydrogen phosphate

ClO4−

perchlorate

ClO3−

chlorate

ClO2−

chlorite