Psych Lab 11 Review: Classical Conditioning and Substance Use

These flashcards cover the key concepts from the lecture on classical conditioning and substance use, aiding in understanding and retention.

Classical Conditioning

A type of learning where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus, eliciting a conditioned response.

Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)

A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any learning, such as food for dogs.

Unconditioned Response (UCR)

An unlearned, naturally occurring response to an unconditioned stimulus, like salivation when food is presented.

Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

A previously neutral stimulus that, after being associated with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response.

Conditioned Response (CR)

Learned response to a previously neutral stimulus, now conditioned after association with an unconditioned stimulus.

Ivan Pavlov

A Russian physiologist known for his work in classical conditioning, especially his experiments with dogs.

Reflexive Response

An automatic response to a stimulus, as seen in classical conditioning where salivation occurs in response to food.

Neutral Stimulus

A stimulus that initially does not elicit a response until it becomes associated with a conditioned stimulus.

Operant Conditioning

A learning process where behavior is shaped and maintained by its consequences, including rewards and punishments.

Observational Learning

A type of learning that occurs by watching others and imitating their actions.

Substance Use

The consumption of psychoactive drugs, which can alter mood, perception, or behavior.

Drug Addiction

A chronic disease characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences.

Tolerance

The need for increased amounts of a substance to achieve the desired effect, occurring due to neuroadaptation.

Withdrawal

Set of symptoms that occur upon the abrupt discontinuation of a drug; symptoms are often the opposite of the drug's effects.

Psychoactive Drug

Any substance that alters perception, mood, or consciousness, including legal and illegal drugs.

Opiates

Substances that relieve pain and create a sense of euphoria by mimicking natural endorphins.

Hallucinogens

Substances that alter perception and can cause hallucinations or delusions.

Stimulants

Drugs that increase central nervous system activity, leading to increased alertness and energy.

Depressants

Substances that reduce central nervous system activity, promoting relaxation and sedation.

Endorphins

Neurotransmitters produced by the body that promote feelings of pleasure and pain relief.