LECTURE 2

Community-Based Treatment Programs

Programs intending to treat criminal offenders within the community as alternatives to confinement.

Rehabilitation

A primary goal of community correction aimed at helping offenders become law-abiding citizens.

Probation

A type of community correction allowing offenders to remain in the community under supervision instead of being incarcerated.

Restitution

Money or services a convicted offender provides to victims or the community to compensate for harm caused.

Halfway Houses

Community-based residential facilities providing structured living for offenders to prepare them for independent functioning.

Home Confinement

A program requiring offenders to remain in their homes, often monitored electronically, also known as house arrest.

Parole

The process of suspending a convict's sentence after they have served a minimum period, without granting a pardon.

Executive Clemency

The President's authority to grant pardons, conditional pardons, or commutations of sentence.

Absolute Pardon

Totally releases an individual from criminal liability and restores civil rights without any conditions.

Conditional Pardon

Exempts an individual from punishment within certain limits, resulting in partial extinction of criminal liability.

Amnesty

A general pardon extended to a group of individuals, often for political reasons, to restore peace.

Commutation of Sentence

An act by the president that reduces a person's sentence or changes a heavy sentence to a lighter one.

Reprieve

A temporary delay in the execution of a sentence, especially in death penalty cases.