Dental Outline

DMD stands for what and what they do

Doctor of dental medicine; dentist

DDS stands for what and what they do

doctor of dental surgery; dentist (surgery)

RDH stands for what and what they do

registered dental hygienist; preventive/oral hygiene care

ADA stands for what and what they do

american dental association; organization for dentists

DANB stands for what and what they do

dental assisting national board; dental assistant certification

ADAA stands for what and what they do

american dental assistants association; proffessional organization for dental assistants

certification vs. license

certification: proves qualification (ex: cda certified dental assistant)

license: legal permission from state to practice

endodontics focus on

root canals, pulp, nerves

orthodontics focus on

malocclusion/bite, straighten

pediatric dentistry focus on

dental care for children

periodontics focus on

gums and supporting structures of teeth

prosthodontics focus on

replacing/restoring missing or damaged teeth

oral & maxillofacial surgery focus on

surgical procedures involving mouth jaws face

oral pathology focus on

study/diagnosis of diseases of mouth

oral & maxillofacial radiology focus on

diagnosis using dental imaging/radiographs

dental public health focus on

improving oral health of communities

dental assistant’s role in team…

prepare treatment room, instruments, assist, sterilization, maintain records, patient preparation

dental hygienist role in team..

preventive oral care (clean teeth, remove plaque, x-rays, fluoride treamtents patient oral hygiene education)

dental laboratory technician role in team..

works in lab creating appliances (crowns, bridges, dentures)

caries aka

tooth decay

halitosis aka

bad breath

purulence aka

discharge of pus

incipient decay aka

early-stage tooth decay (not into a cavity yet)

periapical abscess aka

infection/collection of pus around apex of tooth rot; usually associated with infected pulp

anterior teeth is front or back of teeth (premoalrs and molars)?

front

posterior is front or back of teeth (premolars and molars)?

back

mesial is

toward midline

distal is

away midline

labial is

toward lips

facial is

toward face

lingual is

toward tongue

incisal is

cutting edge of teeth

occlusal is

chewing surface

midline

divides mouth into left and right

anatomical crown is

covered by enamel

clinical crown is

visible in mouth

how many teeth in primary? list

20; central incisor, lateral incisor, canine, 1st and 2nd molars all in 1 quadrant

how many teeth does permanent have? list

32; central incisor, lateral incisor, canine, 2 premolars, 3 premolars all in 1 quadrant

enamel

covers crown, protects tooth, hardest substance in human body

dentin

underneath enamel/cementum, most of the tooth, less hard than enamel, can transit sensitivity to pulp

cementum

covers root, helps attatch tooth to periodontal ligament

pulp

has nerves, blood vessels

periodontal ligament

fibers that connect tooth root to surrounding bones. help support tooth

alveolar bone

surrounds and supports tooth roots

universal system

only usa does it. #1-32 for permanent. a-t for primary

palmer notation

1-8 each quadrant, uses #/ \# etc to show which quadrant. a-e each quadrant for kids. starts from central incisor to molars

fdi/iso

first digit is the quadrant, 2nd digit is # starting from central incisor to molars. for primary it continues 51-55, 61-65, 71-75, 81-85. used everywhere else

what color is treatment needed

red

what color is completed/existing treatment

blue/black

how do cavities form?

plaque & bacteria & carbohydrates (sugar) →acid→enamel damage→decay

plaque is

sticky bacterial biofilm which forms on teeth

baass brushing technique is

cleangn around gingival margin (45 angle toward gumline, circular movements)

disclosing agents are

it colors plaque so it can be seen

dentifrice is

toothpaste

fluoride is

helps prevent tooth decay by strengthening enamel, promoting remineralization, teeths more resisiting to acid attacks. aka prevent cavities

pit-and-fissure sealants

sealent in grooves/pits of teeth to prevent food and bacteria to get trapped

overhang is what and why can it be a problem

when restoration materials extends beyyond the tooth. it can trap plaque, making cleaning difficult

mobility is

abnormal movement of a tooth

fixed prosthetics…

cannot be removed by patient (crowns, bridges)

removeable prosthetics..

can be taken out by patient (dentures)

crown is

covers visible portion of tooth

bridge is

replace one or more teeth which is supported by other teeth

two things within the bridge: and what are they?

• pontic: artificial tooth that replaces missing tooth

• abutment: tooth/structure supports the bridge

microorganism..

bacteria, fungi, they are microscopic

pathogen

disease-causer

etiologic agent

cause of a disease

viral hepatitis

inflammation of liver

hiv

human immunodeficiency virus. attacks immune system

aids

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, advanaced stage of hiv when the immune system samamge occured

antigen

triggers immune response

antibody

attacks against antigen

antitoxin

helps neutralize a taxin produced by certain organisms

anaphylactic shock

allergic reaction

asepsis

prevent contamiantion and infection

direct contatc transm.

infection through direct contact

indirect contact transm.

transmission through contaminated object/surface

OSHA stands for.. and what they do

occupational safety and health administration; establishes workplace safety requirements

high level disinfectant is for

items that cannot tolerate sterilization

intermediate level disinfectant is

effective against many microorganisms

low level disinfectant

used on surfaces

glutaraldehyde

high-level disinfectant used for appropriate instruments based on manuf. instructions

iodophors

disinfectors contianign iodine. used for enivornmental surface depending on manuf. instructions