Anatomy of Phonation

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the anatomy and physiology of phonation, focusing on the mechanics of sound production, including the Bernoulli Effect and phonation stages.

What is required to generate sound for speech?

A medium (air), a force (subglottal air column), and a body that vibrates (vocal folds).

What effect does the Bernoulli Principle have on vocal fold vibration?

It states that when vocal folds are adducted, a drop in pressure occurs between them, causing them to be sucked together.

What occurs during the Attack stage of phonation?

The attack stage begins with adduction of the vocal folds and as they are sucked together, phonation begins.

What are the three basic types of vocal attack?

Simultaneous attack, breathy attack, and glottal attack.

What is Sustained Phonation?

The sustained vibration of the vocal folds maintained by the interplay of subglottal pressure, glottal airflow, intraoral pressure, degree of constriction, and elasticity of vocal folds.

What happens during the Offset stage of phonation?

Vocal folds are abducted to terminate phonation; if they are far enough apart, the pressure will drop and phonation will cease.

What role does the subglottal pressure play in phonation?

It is a driving force that contributes to the vibration of the vocal folds.

Describe the Bernoulli Effect in relation to airflow.

With a constant volume flow, a decrease in pressure occurs at a point of constriction, which increases the flow's velocity.

What is the glottis?

The space between the vocal folds.

What happens to pressure and velocity at the point of constriction in vocal folds?

Pressure decreases and velocity increases.