AVT - 115: Metal Working Process

wrought objects

physically working the metal into shape

-ingot

cast items

pouring molten metal into molds

-melt

wrought

ingot

cast

melt

hot working

forming metal at an elevated temperature

forging

pressing: slow

hammering - drop forging, pressing

forging

a piece of metal is worked at temperatures above critical range

rolling

sheets, bars, and beam

cold working

cold rolling

cold drawing

cold rolling

rolling of metal at room temperature

cold drawing

making seamless tubing

below a metals critical temperature

cold drawing

cold grain structure

new grain structure

elongated grain

extrusion

forcing a metal through a die

pressing and drawing

quenching

seak to water or saline solution

non-ferrous metals

metal in which there is a little to no iron

pure aluminum

highly corrosion resistant, due to the rapid formation of a thin

pure copper

retard the process of corrosion

pure titanium

56% the weight of stainless steel, almost the same strength as iron

aluminum and its alloys

classified by their major alloying ingredient

wrought aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys

identified by four digit index system

four digit index system

primary alloying ingredient

impurities

hundredths of 1% 99.76% aluminum above 99% of pure aluminum

identification of elements in aluminum alloys

most common alloying elements used

identification of elements in aluminum alloys

series/ code major alloying ingredient

1 aluminum

2 copper

3 manganese

4 silicon

5 magnesium

6 magnesium and silicon

7 silicon

8. other elements

2 types of heat treatment

solution heat treatment

precipitation heat treatment/ artificial aging

solution heat treatment

metal is healed in either a molten sodium and potassium nitrate

precipitation heat treatment

2x each process

annealing

softens the metal and decreases internal stress

cast aluminum alloys

not used extensively on aircrafts mainly due to lack of strength

magnesium alloys

used for castings and either wrought form

1xxx

aluminum

2xxx

copper

3xxx

manganese

4xxx

silicon

5xxx

magnesium

6xxx

magnesium and silicon

7xxx

zinc

8xxx

other elements