ATI Study set 1
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36 Terms
What factor affects oral medication absorption?
GI pH, food presence, and gastric emptying time.
How are sublingual medications absorbed?
Quickly through highly vascular mucous membranes.
What route provides immediate and complete absorption?
Intravenous (IV)
Q: What is the main organ for medication metabolism?
Liver.
Q: What organ primarily excretes medications?
A: Kidneys.
Q: What is the therapeutic index (TI)?
The range between a drug’s effective and toxic concentrations.
Q: What does a high therapeutic index indicate?
A: A wide safety margin.
Q: When should trough levels be drawn?
A: Immediately before the next dose.
Q: What is medication half-life?
A: The time it takes for a drug’s plasma concentration to decrease by 50%.
Q: What is an agonist?
A: A drug that enhances a normal cell response.
Q: What is an antagonist?
A: A drug that blocks a normal cell response.
Q: What position should a client be in for oral medications?
A: Upright at 90 degrees.
Q: What is the correct technique for ear drops in adults?
A: Pull the auricle up and out.
Q: What is the correct technique for ear drops in children?
A: Pull the auricle down and back.
Q: What should a nurse do after administering eye drops?
A: Apply pressure to nasolacrimal duct for 30–60 seconds.
Q: How should inhalers be used?
A: Shake MDI 5–6 times, exhale, inhale slowly for 3–5 seconds, hold breath 10 seconds.
Q: What is the correct angle for intradermal injection?
A: 10–15 degrees with bevel up.
Q: What is the Z-track method used for?
A: IM injection of iron to prevent tissue irritation.
Q: What type of prescription is given regularly on a schedule?
A: Routine/standard prescription.
Q: What type of order is administered immediately?
A: Stat order.
Q: What is a PRN order?
A: Medication given as needed.
Q: What are the 10 rights of medication administration?
A: Right client, medication, dose, time, route, documentation, education, to refuse, assessment, evaluation.
Q: How soon must an incident report be completed after an error?
A: Within 24 hours.
Q: Should an incident report be included in the medical record?
A: No.
Q: What are the common IV therapy complications?
A: Infiltration, extravasation, phlebitis, hematoma, fluid overload.
Q: What are signs of IV infiltration?
A: Pallor, swelling, cool skin, damp dressing.
Q: What is the treatment for IV infiltration?
A: Stop infusion, remove catheter, elevate extremity, apply warm or cold compress.
Q: What is phlebitis?
A: Inflammation of a vein; red line and tenderness along the vein.
Q: What should you do if a catheter embolus is suspected?
A: Apply a tourniquet high on the extremity and notify provider.
Q: How often should IV tubing be changed?
A: Every 24 hours.
Q: How often should an IV site be changed?
A: Every 72 hours.
Q: How often should unused IV lines be flushed?
A: Every 8–12 hours.
Q: What should be written on the IV site dressing?
A: Date and time of insertion, catheter size, and initials.
Q: What type of veins should be used for IV insertion?
A: Distal veins on the nondominant hand first.
Q: What is the correct position of the hand for IV insertion?
A: Below the level of the heart.
Q: What solution should be used to flush IV tubing before medication?
A: 0.9% Normal Saline.