Kinetic Theory of Gases

Ideal gases

ideal gas equation

AN IDEAL GAS”

• Particles are in constant and random motion. 

• All collisions between particles are elastic

• The volume of gas particles is negligible compared to the volume of container

• There are no intermolecular forces between gas particles

• The kinetic energy of gas particles is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas

pV = nRT

p = pressure in pascals (Pa)
T = temperature in kelvins (K)
V = volume in cubic meters (m³)
n = the amount of gas (mol)
R = gas constant (8.3145 (J)/(mol × K))

Avogadro’s law

Equal volumes of gases contain the same number of particles at the same temperature and pressure!

n =  Amount of substance (mol)
V = Volume of gas (l = dm³)
V_m = Molar volume of a gas (22.7 L) in STP

STP = Standard Temperature and Pressure

Temperature 273.15 K = 0 ^oC

Absolute pressure of exactly 1 bar = 100 000 Pa

Combined gas law

p₁ = initial pressure p₂ = final pressure
T₁ = initial temperature T₂ = final temperature
V₁ = initial volume V₂ = final volume

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