Paper 1, Prescribed Subject 2: Conquest and its Impact The conquest of Peru

Ancestor worship

Central to Inca religion; viewed deceased rulers as retaining spiritual power, consulted for political guidance.

The Andes

Mountain range that delineates the geography of the Inca Empire, complicating communications and necessitating advanced engineering.

Atahualpa

The last effective Sapa Inca, captured by Pizarro, who offered a ransom but was executed.

Cuzco

The symbolic and administrative capital of the Inca Empire, pivotal for governance and ritual.

Francisco Pizarro

Spanish conquistador who led the conquest of the Inca Empire, capturing Atahualpa.

Incan Civil War

Conflict between Huáscar and Atahualpa due to succession disputes, weakening the empire.

Mit’a system

Labor requirement for public projects, essential for infrastructure, bypassed monetary economy.

Mitma system

Forced resettlement policy to unify the empire, often disrupting local identities.

Road network

Extensive system facilitating rapid communication and administration across the Inca Empire.

Split inheritance

Succession system where political power passes to a successor; wealth remains with the deceased's descendants.

Quechua

Primary language of the Inca Empire, aiding in administration and trade, still spoken by millions today.

Quipu

Record-keeping system of knotted cords used for managing census data and resource distribution.