chapter 3 exam 1

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

12

Which cranial nerves arise from the cerebrum instead of the brainstem?

CN I (Olfactory) and CN II (Optic)

Which cranial nerve is responsible for smell?

CN I (Olfactory)

Is CN I sensory, motor, or both?

Sensory

Where does CN I synapse first?

Olfactory bulb

What tract carries smell information to the brain?

Olfactory tract

Which cranial nerve is responsible for vision?

CN II (Optic)

Is CN II sensory, motor, or both?

Sensory

Where does CN II originate?

Retina

Where do the optic nerves cross?

Optic chiasm

What carries visual information after the optic chiasm?

Optic tracts

Damage to CN II causes what?

Vision loss or blindness

Which cranial nerve controls most extraocular muscles?

CN III (Oculomotor)

Is CN III sensory, motor, or both?

Motor

Which muscles are innervated by CN III?

Superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, and levator palpebrae superioris

What autonomic functions does CN III perform?

Pupil constriction and lens accommodation

Damage to CN III causes what?

Ptosis, dilated pupil, and inability to move the eye normally

Which cranial nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle?

CN IV (Trochlear)

Is CN IV sensory, motor, or both?

Motor

What movement does the superior oblique muscle perform?

Depresses and turns the eye inward

Which cranial nerve is the smallest?

CN IV (Trochlear)

Which cranial nerve has the longest intracranial course?

CN IV (Trochlear)

Which cranial nerve supplies sensation to the face?

CN V (Trigeminal)

Is CN V sensory, motor, or both?

Both

What are the three branches of CN V?

Ophthalmic (V1), Maxillary (V2), Mandibular (V3)

Which branch of CN V is sensory only?

V1 (Ophthalmic)

Which branch of CN V is sensory only?

V2 (Maxillary)

Which branch of CN V contains motor fibers?

V3 (Mandibular)

What muscles does CN V innervate?

Muscles of mastication (chewing)

Which cranial nerve controls the lateral rectus muscle?

CN VI (Abducens)

Is CN VI sensory, motor, or both?

Motor

What movement does the lateral rectus perform?

Abducts the eye (moves it laterally)

Damage to CN VI causes what?

Inability to move the eye laterally

Which cranial nerve controls facial expression?

CN VII (Facial)

Is CN VII sensory, motor, or both?

Both

What muscles does CN VII innervate?

Muscles of facial expression

Which taste fibers are carried by CN VII?

Anterior two-thirds of the tongue

Which glands receive parasympathetic fibers from CN VII?

Lacrimal, submandibular, and sublingual glands

Damage to CN VII causes what?

Bell's palsy

Which cranial nerve is responsible for hearing?

CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear)

Which cranial nerve is responsible for balance?

CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear)

Is CN VIII sensory, motor, or both?

Sensory

Damage to CN VIII may cause what?

Hearing loss, dizziness, vertigo, and balance problems

Which cranial nerve supplies the posterior one-third of the tongue?

CN IX (Glossopharyngeal)

Is CN IX sensory, motor, or both?

Both

Which taste fibers are carried by CN IX?

Posterior one-third of the tongue

Which salivary gland receives parasympathetic fibers from CN IX?

Parotid gland

Which cranial nerve contributes to swallowing?

CN IX

Which cranial nerve has the greatest parasympathetic distribution?

CN X (Vagus)

Is CN X sensory, motor, or both?

Both

Which organs receive parasympathetic fibers from CN X?

Heart, lungs, stomach, intestines, and other thoracic and abdominal organs

Which cranial nerve slows heart rate?

CN X (Vagus)

Which cranial nerve stimulates digestion?

CN X (Vagus)

Which cranial nerve contributes to swallowing and speaking?

CN X (Vagus)

Which cranial nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

CN XI (Accessory)

Which cranial nerve innervates the trapezius muscle?

CN XI (Accessory)

Is CN XI sensory, motor, or both?

Motor

What movements are controlled by CN XI?

Shoulder shrugging and head rotation

Which cranial nerve controls tongue movement?

CN XII (Hypoglossal)

Is CN XII sensory, motor, or both?

Motor

Damage to CN XII causes what?

Tongue deviates toward the injured side

Which cranial nerve controls chewing?

CN V

Which cranial nerve controls facial expression?

CN VII

Which cranial nerve controls swallowing?

CN IX and CN X

Which cranial nerve controls tongue movement?

CN XII

Which cranial nerve carries smell?

CN I

Which cranial nerve carries vision?

CN II

Which cranial nerve carries hearing?

CN VIII

Which cranial nerve carries balance?

CN VIII

Which cranial nerve mediates the sensory portion of the corneal reflex?

CN V1 (Ophthalmic)