W8.2 - Cerebellar Circuitry

second half

true or false: the cerebellum acts directly on LMNs

false

how does the cerebellum influence LMNs?

by regulating the activity oof UMNs

what is the role of the cerebellum?

coordination, prediction, and improvement of movement

what is the name of the copy of the motor plan sent from the cortex to the cerebellumn

efference copy

what is the efference copy used for?

to predict the sensory feedback that should come back into the cerebellum if the motor plan is executed correctly

what is in charge of computing the error between prediction and what is actually happening?

inferior olives

what part of the brain modulates feedforward postural control

reticular formation

what part of the brain modulates feedback postural control

vestibular nuclei

feedback for limb movement is driven by _____ inputs to the ______

proprioceptive, cerebellum

if the cerebellum is damaged, which is impaired: feedforward control or feedback control

both

how does the cerebellum calibrate feedforward adjustments?

via prior experience to compare actual vs expected feedback

the cerebrocerebellum sends information to the ___ cerebellar nucleus, and is in charge of __

dentate, motor plans

the spinocerebellum includes the ____ and the ____, making it in charge of ___ and ___ via the ___ and ___ cerebellar nuclei, respectively.

intermediate zone, vermis; distal limb movement, proximal/trunk movement; interposed, fastigial

what are the 2 lobes of the vestibulocerebellum and what is it in charge of?

flocculus and nodulus; movements to maintain posture/equilibrium balance

what is the DCN for the flocculonodular lobe?

vestibular nuclei

what is the DCN for the intermediate lobe?

interposed

what is the DCN for the lateral hemispheres?

dentate

what is the DCN for the vermis?

fastigial

what is the cerebrocerebellum (lateral hemisphere) concerned with?

sequential multi-joint motor planning

the cerebrocerebellum receives input:

indirectly from the cortex

the spinocerebellum receives input:

directly from the spinal cord

the vestibulocerebellum receives input from:

the vestibular nuclei

the superior cerebellar peduncle carries ___ from ___ to the ___ and ____

outputs, DCN, thalamus, red nucleus

where does the superior cerebellar peduncle decussate?

level of the inferior colliculi

the middle cerebellar peduncle carries ___ from ___ via the ___

inputs, cortex, pons

the inferior cerebellar peduncle carries ___ from ___, ___, & ___; also ___ to ___ & __

inputs, spinal cord, vestibular nuclei, inferior olives; outputs, vestibular nuclei, reticular formation

what is another name for the inferior cerebellar peduncle?

restiform body

what are the 2 somatotopies of the spinocerebellum

vermis = trunk/proximal body; intermediate = distal limbs

what are the 4 medial motor systems?

reticulospinal tract, anterior corticospinal tract, tectospinal tract, vestibulospinal tract

what are the 2 lateral motor systems?

rubrospinal tract, lateralcorticospinal tract

medial motor systems recieve input from the ___ while the lateral motor systems receive input from the ___

vermis, intermediate and lateral hemipsheres

the flocculonodular lobe influences what pathway for balance and VOR?

medial longitudinal fasciculus

how does the cortex talk to the cerebellum?

via corticopontine fibers to the ipsalateral pontine nuclei

where are electrical gap junctions located in the cerebellum?

inferior olives

the biggest inputs to the cerebellum go from and through what?

pontine nuclei via middle cerebellar peduncle

when do corticocerebellar inputs decussate?

between pontine nuclei and middle cerebellar peduncle

visual and auditory signals are relayed to the cerebellum via

brainstem nuclei

sensory information from the spinal cord comes into the cerebellum from the (ipsalateral/contralateral) side

ipsalateral

what are the nuclei that carry proprioceptive information from teh body to the spinocerebeellum?

dorsal nucleus of Clarke and external cuneate nucleus

where does somatosensory information from the face travel on to the cerebellum

mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus

vestibular and spinal inputs are (ipsalateral/contralateral)

ipsalateral

which of the cerebellar peduncles does the inferior olivary nucleus use

inferior

why do infeerior olives contain electrical gap junctitons?

for timing and spatial distribution of cerebellar responses to olivary inputs

inputs to the cerebellum are (conscious/unconscious) processing

unconscious