Anatomy and Physiology Lecture Notes

Flashcards for Anatomy and Physiology review, focusing on key terms and definitions from lecture notes.

Anatomy

The study of the structure of the body.

Physiology

The study of the function of the body.

Homeostasis

Maintaining a stable internal environment.

Receptor

Receives input/sensory.

Control Center

Brain/Spinal cord, processes.

Effector

Gland/Muscle/Organ, motor/output.

Superior (cranial)

Toward the head or upper part of a structure.

Inferior (caudal)

Away from the head or toward the lower part of a structure.

Anterior (ventral)

Toward or at the front of the body.

Posterior (dorsal)

Toward or at the back of the body.

Medial

Toward the midline of the body.

Lateral

Away from the midline of the body.

Proximal

Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.

Distal

Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.

Superficial

Toward or at the body surface.

Deep

Away from the body surface; more internal.

Sagittal Plane

Divides the body or an organ into left and right parts.

Midsagittal Plane

Sagittal plane that lies exactly in the midline.

Frontal (coronal) Plane

Divides the body or an organ into anterior and posterior parts.

Transverse (horizontal) Plane

Divides the body or an organ into superior and inferior parts.

Oblique

Sections made at an angle

Negative Feedback

Most common, shuts off stimuli, examples include temperature management and blood glucose regulation

Positive Feedback

Less common, exaggerates stimuli/amplify, examples include labor contractions and blood clotting