Biological Molecules Pt.1 - summary Revision

Flashcards covering key concepts in Biological Molecules for exam preparation.

The process of joining two monosaccharides results in a __ bond and releases a molecule of water.

glycosidic

The __ reaction breaks a chemical bond between two molecules using a water molecule.

hydrolysis

A __ is formed when many monosaccharides are joined together by condensation reactions.

polysaccharide

The basic monomer unit of proteins is an __.

amino acid

In proteins, the bond formed between amino acids during condensation reactions is called a __ bond.

peptide

During a condensation reaction, __ is released.

water

Monosaccharides such as glucose, fructose, and galactose are the building blocks of __.

carbohydrates

The __ test is used for the detection of reducing sugars.

Benedict's

The main type of lipid that consists of one glycerol and three fatty acids is called a __.

triglyceride

Cellulose is composed of __ glucose units, giving it a straight chain structure.

beta

A __ structure in proteins is formed when multiple polypeptide chains assemble together.

quaternary

Enzymes lower the __ energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.

activation

The __ model of enzyme action states that the active site changes shape to fit the substrate.

induced fit

The monomers of nucleic acids are called __.

nucleotides

Triglycerides store more energy per gram than __ because they have long hydrocarbon tails.

carbohydrates

In a hydrolysis reaction, a molecule of water is __ to break bonds between monomers.

added

The __ test is used for testing the presence of starch in a sample.

iodine