Vander's Human Physiology Ch.6 Quiz Questions

Which of the following statements concerning a neuron is NOT correct?

A. It is the basic unit of the nervous sytem

B. It is a glial cell

C. It generates electrical signals

D. It may communivate with other neurons via chemical signals

B. It is a glial cell

Which of the following statements concerning axonal transport is NOT correct?

A. Uses microtubles

B. Uses kinesin and dynein

C. Is capable of bidiretional traffic (retrograde & anterograde

D. Transports transmitters from the cell body to the synaptic region

E. It occurs in motor (efferent) neurons only

E. It occurs in motor (efferent neurons only

Which of the following statements concerning glial cells is NOT correct?

A. Are less abundant than neurons

B. Respond to injury

C. Help myelinate CNS axons

D. Help regulate neuronal environment

A. Are less abundant than neurons

Which of the following statements concerning equilibrium potential of a given ion across a membrane is correct?

A. Is a function of the concentration of that ion on the extracellular side of the membrane

B. Is a function of the concentration of that ion on the intracellular side of the membrane

C. Is the potential at which there is no movement of that ion across the membrane due to electrochemical forces

D. Is the potential at which there is equal movement of that ion into and out of the cell across the membrane due to electrochemical forces

D. Is the potential at which there is equal movement of that ion into and out of the cell across the membrane due to electrochemical forces

Resting membrane potential is generated

A. By the movement of K ions down their electrical gradient through leak channels

B. By the opening of voltage-gated sodium channels

C. By the action of the Na+/K+ ATPase pump which transports positive ions in unequal numbers

D. By the movement of Na ions against their concentration gradient through leaked channels

C. By the action of the Na+/K+ ATPase pump which transports positive ions in unequal numbers

During an action potential

A. Ligand-gated K channel in the membrane open in response to depolarization

B. Voltage-gated sodium channels in the membrane open in response to neurotransmitter released from adjacent membrane

C. The increase in sodium permeability in the membrane is and ex of positive feedback

D. The movement of Na into the neuron causes the cell to hyperpolarized

C. The increase in sodium permeability in the membrane is an example of positive feedback.

Threshold stimuli are those that are strong enough to

A) Repolarize the neuron membrane

B) Cause a net flux of positively charged ions from inside to outside the cell

C) Cause a net flux of positively charged ions from outside to inside the cell

D) Close potassium channels to the point that an action potential is initiated

E) Cpen potassium channels to the point that an action potential is initiated

C) Cause a net flux of positively charged ions from outside to inside the cell

Which of the following statements concerning the absolute refractory period is correct?

A) Potassium channels are open and the membrane is hyperpolarized

B) It immediately follows the relative refractory period

C) It allows an action potential to proceed in two directions along the length of an axon

D) It occurs when the sodium channels are open

D) It occurs when the sodium channels are open

Which of the following statements concerning the propagation of action potentials is NOT correct?

A) Saltatory conduction occurs in myelinated nerve fibers

B) During conduction of an action potential, current flows from the active area of the membrane to the adjacent inactive area, thereby decreasing the potential in the inactive area to threshold

C) Action potential propagation is faster in myelinated fibers than in unmyelinated ones

D) Action potential propagation is faster in large-diameter fibers than in small-diameter ones

E) Action potential propagation is faster for strong stimuli than for weaker stimuli

E) Action potential propagation is faster for strong stimuli than for weaker stimuli

Neurotransmitters are removed from the synaptic cleft by

A) Active transport into the postsynaptic axon terminal, a process called reuptake

B) Enzymatic transformation into inactive substances

C) Diffusion into the synaptic cleft

D) Permanent binding to the receptors

B) Enzymatic transformation into inactive substances

Many important proteins have been recently recognized to function in various synaptic processes. Which of the following proteins are associated with the synaptic vesicles and release of neurotransmitter?

A) SNARE proteins and synaptotagmin

B) Dynein and kinesin

C) Tubulin

D) SNARE proteins, synaptotagmin and tubulin

E) Dynein, kinesin and tubulin

A) SNARE proteins and synaptotagmin

Which of the following statements concerning postsynaptic potentials is NOT correct?

A) Directly result from the opening of voltage-gated ion channels

B) May be depolarizing or hyperpolarizing

C) May be summed

D) Is a graded potential

A) Directly result from the opening of voltage-gated ion channels

An EPSP is

A) A type of graded potential

B) Caused by an increase in the permeability of the postsynaptic membrane to all small ions

C) A hyperpolarizing potential

D) Sufficient by itself to generate an action potential

E) All-or-none in character

A) A type of graded potential

An IPSP

A) Is depolarizing

B) Is caused by an increase in the permeability of the postsynaptic membrane to potassium or chloride ions

C) Is caused by an increase in the permeability of the postsynaptic membrane to sodium ions

D) Is caused by an increase in the permeability of the postsynaptic membrane to all small ions

E) Cannot be summed

B) Is caused by an increase in the permeability of the postsynaptic membrane to potassium or chloride ions

Which of the following statements concerning neuromodulators is NOT correct?

A) They modify the postsynaptic neuron's response to a specific neurotransmitter

B) They may change the presynaptic neuron's synthesis of a neurotransmitter

C) They may change the presynaptic neuron's release of a transmitter

D) They may be released by the presynaptic neuron along with the neurotransmitter

E) Their actions are faster than neurotransmitters

E) Their actions are faster than neurotransmitters

Which brain disease involves degeneration of cholinergic neurons in certain brain regions, causing deterioration of cognitive and intellectual functions in the elderly?

A) Schizophrenia

B) Depression

C) Alzheimer disease

D) Cerebral Palsy

E) Parkinson disease

C) Alzheimer disease

Low levels of the neuromodulator, serotonin, is often associated with

A) Depression

B) Multiple sclerosis

C) Alzheimer disease

D) Parkinson disease

E) Cerebellar disease

A) Depression

In the biosynthesis of catecholamines,

A) The rate-limiting step is the conversion of L-Dopa to dopamine

B) The rate-limiting step is the conversion of tyrosine to dopamine

C) The rate-limiting step is catalyzed by the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase

D) Epinephrine is converted to norepinephrine

C) The rate-limiting step is catalyzed by the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase

Which of the following is NOT associated with the CNS neurotransmitter, glutamate?

A) AMPA receptors

B) NMDA receptors

C) Generation of IPSPs

D) Long-term potentiation

C) Generation of IPSPs

Which of the following CNS neurotransmitters produce an IPSP?

A) Glutamate

B) GABA (gamma-amino-butyric acid)

C) Glycine

D) Glutamate and glycine

E) GABA (gamma-amino-butyric acid) and glycine

E) GABA (gamma-amino-butyric acid) and glycine

Neurotransmitters are all small sized organic molecules such as acetylcholine and norepinephrine.

A) True

B) False

B) False

Which of the following neurotransmitter:drug combinations is mismatched?

A) Acetylcholine:atropine

B) GABA:valium

C) Opioids:morphine

D) Serotonin:codeine

D) Serotonin:codeine

All the neurotransmitters that have been discovered are soluble. Gaseous neurotransmitters are not known.

A) True

B) False

B) False

The cerebral cortex

A) Is part of the hindbrain

B) Is the thin outer coat of white matter found on both the right and left cerebral hemispheres

C) Receives input from the thalamus, brainstem and other regions of cortex

D) Contains cerebrospinal fluid

C) Receives input from the thalamus, brainstem and other regions of cortex

The hypothalamus is made up of cell groups deep in the midbrain and is associated with posture and balance.

A) True

B) False

B) False

The motor part of the autonomic nervous system

A) Contains afferent fibers

B) Contains pre- and postganglionic fibers

C) Contains only parasympathetic components

D) Provides efferent innervation of skeletal muscle

B) Contains pre- and postganglionic fibers

The somatic motor portion of the peripheral nervous system

A) Contains afferent fibers

B) Has cell bodies located in the brainstem only

C) Has large diameter, myelinated axons

D) Uses norepinephrine as its neurotransmitter

C) Has large diameter, myelinated axons

In the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system acetylcholine is the major neurotransmitter released between the pre and postganglionic fibers.

A) True

B) False

A) True

Which of the following is generally NOT synthesized in most postganglionic sympathetic neurons?

A) L-Dopa

B) Dopamine

C) Norepinephrine

D) Acetylcholine

D) Acetylcholine

The blood brain barrier

A) Functions to control the exchange of substances between blood and the extracellular fluid in the CNS

B) Is comprised of the cells that line the largest blood vessels in the brain

C) Is comprised of the cells that line the ventricles of the brain

D) Prevents diffusion of lipid soluble molecules from the blood to the brain

A) Functions to control the exchange of substances between blood and the extracellular fluid in the CNS