EXAM 7: MUSIC APPRECIATION
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Nikki Gross - Auburn University
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56 Terms
Q: What is Sprechstimme?
A: A vocal style combining speaking and singing.
Q: What is Atonal music?
A: Music without a key center.
Q: What is the Twelve-Tone method?
A: A composition technique using all 12 pitches equally.
Q: What is Ethnomusicology?
A: The study of music in cultural context.
Q: What is Minimalism in music?
A: Music using repetition and gradual change.
Q: What institution are bands associated with?
A: The military.
Q: What is the oldest professional U.S. band?
A: The U.S. Marine Band.
Q: Who is America’s most famous bandmaster?
A: John Philip Sousa.
Q: Why is Sousa famous?
A: For composing patriotic marches.
Q: What is the official U.S. march?
A: "The Stars and Stripes Forever."
Q: What form is a band march similar to?
A: Sonata form.
Q: What were America’s vernacular music traditions in the late 1800s?
A: Minstrel shows
Q: Characteristics of 20th-century art music?
A: Dissonance, experimentation, new scales and rhythms, atonality, and breaking traditional rules of composition.
Q: Who invented the twelve-tone technique?
A: Arnold Schoenberg.
Q: How was ballet before "The Rite of Spring"?
A: Graceful
Q: What happened on "Rite of Spring" opening night?
A: A riot broke out.
Q: Musical traits of "Rite of Spring"?
A: Complex, irregular rhythms, Polytonality, Dissonant harmonies, Repeated patterns (ostinatos), Bold orchestration, Primitivist style
Q: First instrument in "Rite of Spring"?
A: Bassoon.
Q: Why was "Rite of Spring" groundbreaking?
A: It changed ballet and music expectations.
Q: Was "Rite of Spring" revolutionary?
A: Yes.
Q: Home of Ballet Russes?
A: Paris.
Q: Who is William Grant Still?
A: African American composer of classical music.
Q: William Grant Still historically significant symphony?
A: "Afro-American Symphony."
Q: What was the Harlem Renaissance?
A: A cultural revival of Black arts in the 1920s–30s.
Q: Who is Florence Price?
A: First African American woman to have a symphony performed by a major orchestra.
Q: Describe Price’s Symphony No. 1?
A: Mix of Black spirituals and classical structure.
Q: Charles Ives's compositional style?
A: Experimental
Q: Ives’s day job?
A: Insurance agent.
Q: Ives’s music characteristics?
A: Experimental, dissonant, uses polytonality, quotes American tunes, and blends classical and folk styles.
Q: Was Ives popular in his life?
A: No.
Q: Did Ives reflect his roots?
A: Yes.
Q: Did Ives include Sousa in "Country Band March"?
A: Yes.
Q: Who is Nadia Boulanger?
A: Influential teacher of many American composers.
Q: Nadia boulanger students?
A: Copland, glass, quincy jones, Piazzolla, Eliot cater, Virgil Thomson
Q: Genre of "Appalachian Spring"?
A: Ballet.
Q: For whom was Appalachian springs composed?
A: Martha Graham.
Q: What tune is quoted in the Appalachian spring?
A: "Simple Gifts."
Q: Nationality of Bartók and Kodály?
A: Hungarian.
Q: Where did Bartók and Kodály collect songs?
A: Eastern Europe.
Q: Describe 20th-century nationalist composers?
A: They used folk songs, dances, and cultural elements from their homelands to express national identity in their music
Q: What did Neo-classical composers value?
A: Order
Q: Difference in 19th vs 20th-century nationalism?
A: 19th-century nationalism was more romantic and emotional, 20th-century nationalism focused on using folk elements and cultural identity in a modern, experimental way
Q: American composers influenced by Eastern philosophy?
A: John Cage and Henry Cowell
Q: Who explored tone clusters?
A: Henry Cowell.
Q: Significance of "4'33""?
A: Redefined music as intentional silence.
Q: Is 4’33 noise or music?
A: Music.
Q: Who invented the prepared piano?
A: John Cage.
Q: John Cage piece evoking gamelan?
A: "Sonatas and Interludes."
Q: Where is gamelan from?
A: Indonesia.
Q: Gamelan instruments?
A: Gongs, metallaphones, drums, flute, bowed string
Q: Two composers influenced by gamelan?
A: Debussy and reich
Q: Reich’s polyrhythm influenced by what area of the world?
A: West Africa.
Q: Does phase music use electronic looping?
A: Yes.
Q: Elements of minimalism?
A: Repetition, steady pulse, gradual change, simple harmonies, layering, and phasing.
Q: When was magnetic tape developed?
A: 1940s.
Q: What is Steve Reich known for?
A: Phase music and minimalism.