Clinical Psychopathology Final

Autism Spectrum Disorder

From early childhood, individuals have impaired social interactions and communications and show repetitive behaviors and interests

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Individuals are hyperactive, impulsive, or inattentive and often all three

Schizophrenia

For at least 6 months, these patients have had two or more of these five types of psychotic symptoms

• delusions,

• disorganized speech

• hallucinations

• negative symptoms

• catatonia or other markedly abnormal motor behavior

Ruled out as causes of the psychotic symptoms are significant mood disorders, substance use, and general medical conditions

Schizophreniform Disorder

This category is for patients who have the basic symptoms of schizophrenia but have been ill for only 1-6 months — less than the time specified for schizophrenia

Brief Psychotic Disorder

For less than 1 month, a patient has had at least one of the basic psychotic symptoms

Major Depressive Disorder

These patients have had no manic or hypomanic episodes but have had one or more major depressive episodes. Major depressive disorder will be either recurrent or single episode

Persistent Depressive Disorder

There are no high phases, and it lasts much longer than typical major depressive disorder. This type of depression is not typically severe enough to be called an episode of major depression (though chronic major depression is now included here)

Premenstrual dysphoric Disorder

A few days before their period begins, a person experiences symptoms of depression and anxiety

Bipolar 1 Disorder

There must be at least one manic episode; most patients with bipolar 1 have also had a major depressive episode

Bipolar 2 Disorder

This diagnosis requires at least one hypomanic episode plus at least one major depressive episode

Cyclothymic Disorder

These patients have had repeated mood swings, but none severe enough to be called major depressive episodes or manic episodes

Panic Disorder

As a result of repeated surprise panic attacks, the patient fears that they will happen again or tries to avert further attacks by taking inadvisable, often ineffective action, such as abandoning once-favored activities or avoiding places where attacks have occurred

Social Anxiety Disorder

These patients imagine themselves embarrassed when they speak, write, or eat in public or use a public restroom

Agoraphobia

These people fear situations or places, such as entering a store, where they might have trouble obtaining help if they became anxious

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Although they experience no episodes of acute panic, these patients feel tense or anxious much of the time and worry about many different issues

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

These adolescents or adults repeatedly relive a severely traumatic event, such as combat or natural disaster

Acute Stress Disorder

This condition is much like posttraumatic stress disorder, except that it begins during or immediately after the stressful event and lasts a month or less

Adjustment Disorder

Following a stressor, and individual develops symptoms that disappear once the cause of stress has subsided

Dissociative Identity Disorder

One or more additional identities intermittently seize control of the patient’s behavior

Depersonalization/derealization Disorder

The patient has episodes of feeling detached from the patient’s own self or mind or from the (unreal-seeming) environment. In this condition, there is not actual memory

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

The patient has distressing obsessions or compulsions (or both) that occupy so much time they interfere with accustomed routines

Anorexia Nervosa

People with AN (1) eat so little that they lose too much weight for their height and body frame (many look gaunt), yet (2) remain fearful of obesity or weight gain (or continue to undereat) and (3) have the distorted self-perception that they are fat

Bulimia Nervosa

People with BN know that they have lost control of their eating, consuming in binges much more food than would be usual for most people in that time frame. To an extent that is excessive, self-esteem hinges on their weight and body contour. Weight in managed inappropriately by one or more of:

• fasting

• vomiting

• excessive physical workouts

• and the abuse of laxatives

• diuretics

• or other medication

Bing-eating Disorder

Consuming in binges much more food than is usual for the time frame, patients with BED know they have lost control. During a binge, they will eat too much, too fast until painfully full, yet the absence of actual hunger. The bingeing causes guilt (sometimes, depression, or disgust_ and to avoid embarrassment, solitary dining. However, it does not result in behaviors such as vomiting or excessive exercise designed to make up for overeating.

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Interpersonal relationships are so difficult for these people that they appear peculiar or strange to others. They lack close friends and are uncomfortable in social situations. They may show suspiciousness, unusual perceptions or thinking, eccentric speech, and inappropriate affect

Borderline Personality Disorder

These people are impulsive and engage in behavior harmful to themselves (sexual adventures, unwise spending, excessive use of substances or food). Affectively unstable, they often show intense, inappropriate anger. They feel empty or bored, and they frantically try to avoid abandonment. They are uncertain about who they are, and they lack the ability to maintain stable interpersonal relationships Na

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

These people are self-important and often preoccupied with envy, fantasies of success, or ruminations about the uniqueness of their own problems. Their sense of entitlement and lack of compassion may cause them to take advantage of others. They vigorously reject criticism and need constant attention and admiration Obs

Obsessive-compulsive Personality Disorder

Perfectionism and rigidity characterize these people. They are often workaholics, and they tend to be indecisive, excessively scrupulous, and preoccupied with detail. They insist that others do things their way. they have trouble expressing affection, tend to lack generosity, and may even resist throwing away worthless objects they no longer need