2.4 Chemical Reactions and Enzymes

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12 Terms

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Reactants

Elements or compounds which engage in a chemical reaction

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Products

Elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction

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Anabolic

Endothermic

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Catabolic

Exothermic

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Enzymes

Speeds up reaction rate of biological processes

  • Specific to one reaction

    • end is -ase

  • Lowers activation energy

    • Speeds up chemical reaction

<p>Speeds up reaction rate of biological processes</p><ul><li><p>Specific to one reaction</p><ul><li><p>end is -ase</p></li></ul></li></ul><ul><li><p>Lowers activation energy</p><ul><li><p>Speeds up chemical reaction</p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
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Substrate

Molecules which bind to enzymes

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Active site

Where bonding of enzyme’s and substrate’s occurs

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Enzyme-substrate complex

The substrates fit into the enzyme’s active site

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Products

Result of chemical or enzyme reaction

  • After products are released, enzyme is ready to work again

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Environmental factors

Can effect enzymes

  • concentration

  • pH

    • each enzyme has optimal pH

  • temp.

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Enzyme saturation point

Reaction reaches max rate, adding substrate wont increase reaction speed

Summary: 

  • Low substrate levels

    • Enzyme active sites empty

      • Reaction is slow

  • Substrate increases

    • More enzyme active sites fill

      • Reaction increases

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Denaturing

  • Changes shape of active site

    • Enzyme can’t bind to substrate