B3 Enymes and digestion

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33 Terms

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Oesophagus

Tube connecting the mouth to the stomach

<p>Tube connecting the mouth to the stomach</p>
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Stomach

A muscular and elastic sac that serves mainly to store food, break it up mechanically, and begin chemical digestion of proteins and fat.

<p>A muscular and elastic sac that serves mainly to store food, break it up mechanically, and begin chemical digestion of proteins and fat.</p>
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Duodenum

First section of the small intestine, where bile is added

<p>First section of the small intestine, where bile is added</p>
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Pancreas

Regulates the level of sugar in the blood and makes digestive enzymes

<p>Regulates the level of sugar in the blood and makes digestive enzymes</p>
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Liver

Produces bile

<p>Produces bile</p>
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Gall bladder

Organ that stores bile

<p>Organ that stores bile</p>
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Bile

A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles.

<p>A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles.</p>
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Small intestine

The part of the digestive system in which most chemical digestion takes place.

<p>The part of the digestive system in which most chemical digestion takes place.</p>
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Large intestine

Absorbs water and forms feces

<p>Absorbs water and forms feces</p>
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Rectum

A short tube at the end of the large intestine where waste material is compressed into a solid form before being eliminated

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Iodine

Used to test for starch turns from brown to blue-black

<p>Used to test for starch turns from brown to blue-black</p>
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Benedicts solution

Used to test for Sugars - needs to beheated and turns brick red in colour

<p>Used to test for Sugars - needs to beheated and turns brick red in colour</p>
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Sudan iii

Test for lipids - forms a red ring

<p>Test for lipids - forms a red ring</p>
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Buiret solution

Test for proteins turns from blue to purple

<p>Test for proteins turns from blue to purple</p>
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Carbohydrate are

Made of sugars

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Lipids are

Made of glycerol and fatty acids

<p>Made of glycerol and fatty acids</p>
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Proteins are

Made of amino acids

<p>Made of amino acids</p>
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Enzymes are

Biological catalysts and protein molecules

<p>Biological catalysts and protein molecules</p>
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Catalyst

Substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

<p>Substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction</p>
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Factors that effect enzyme activity

PH, concentration, temperature

<p>PH, concentration, temperature</p>
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Active site

The part of an enzyme where the chemical reaction occurs.

<p>The part of an enzyme where the chemical reaction occurs.</p>
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Denatured

Change the shape of an enzyme so that it can no longer speed up a reaction.

<p>Change the shape of an enzyme so that it can no longer speed up a reaction.</p>
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Substrate

A specific reactant acted upon by an enzyme

<p>A specific reactant acted upon by an enzyme</p>
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Lock and key model

Enzymes are specific. The only work on the substrate that they "fit."

<p>Enzymes are specific. The only work on the substrate that they "fit."</p>
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Enzyme-substrate complex

When the substrate is attached to the enzymes

<p>When the substrate is attached to the enzymes</p>
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Optimum

The best conditions where enzymes work the best

<p>The best conditions where enzymes work the best</p>
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Emulsify fat

The function of bile, separating fats to give increased surface area

<p>The function of bile, separating fats to give increased surface area</p>
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Saliva

Digestive juice produced by glands in your mouth

<p>Digestive juice produced by glands in your mouth</p>
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Hydrochloric acid

Substance produced by the stomach; used to create right stomach conditions for enzymes and kill bacteria

<p>Substance produced by the stomach; used to create right stomach conditions for enzymes and kill bacteria</p>
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Amylase

Enzyme in saliva that breaks the chemical bonds in starches

<p>Enzyme in saliva that breaks the chemical bonds in starches</p>
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Protease

Enzyme that digests protein

<p>Enzyme that digests protein</p>
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Lipase

Enzyme that breaks down fat

<p>Enzyme that breaks down fat</p>
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Carbohydrase

Enzyme that breaks down starches into sugars

<p>Enzyme that breaks down starches into sugars</p>