AP World Units 3 and 4 Vocab

7 random words on Tuesday 4/25

Bureaucracy

People who work for the government who carry out the leaders policies. It’s not a government structure.

Devshrime System

Christian boys who were forced to work as soldiers or bureaucrats for the government

Janissaries

Christian military soldiers who were forced to convert to Islam, paid and first standing army in Europe

Suleiman the Magnificent

Absolute monarch who led the ottoman empire in its golden age

Safavids

Shi’a Islamic Empire located in Persia, between the Ottoman and Mughal empires.

Jihad

Holy war that Safavids fought to convert non-believers

Religion in the Mughal Empire

Muslim minority ruling over Hindu majority in South Asia; toleration towards hindus

Sikhism

New religion created in India. A blend of hinduism and Islam- Monotheistic, reincarnation and karma.

Manchus

Not ethnically Chinese- ruled over china from 1644-1911

Government in Qing

Kept confucianism, Mandate of Heaven, and Civil service exam; moved manchus to the top of the social class

Treatment of non-manchus

Banned intermarriage and anti-Manchu writings; forced Chinese to wear queue hairstyle

Government in Tokugawa

Power int he hands of the Shogun and local nobles; emperor has no power

Interaction with Europeans

Banned foreigners, except the dutch; became isolated

Caravel and Fluyt

New European ships that improved sail and cargo holds

Reconquista

Spain’s attempt to establish catholicism in the country by expelling and killing jews and Muslims

Treaty of Todesillas

Issues by the Pope to split the Americas between Portugal/Spain; was an attempt to avoid war between the catholic countries

Columbian Exchange on Americas

Diseases such as flu, black death, ect. Population decrease for native population; new plantation crops like sugar and cotton and other new foods.

Mercantilism

Unequal Trade system; colonies send raw materials to mother country and get finished goods back; bad for colony

Viceroys

Two people appointed by the King of Spain to rule over Spanish Latin America

Silver

Primary source of money- mined in South America- forced labor for former Incan people- mit’a system

Castas System

Race based Spanish Latin American social class- Peninsulares on top and than creoles.

Chattel Slavery

Slavery in the Americas where people were bought and sold; much harsher than slavery in the afro-euroasia

Joint-Stock Companies

King would issue a charter to a group of investors who would get a monopoly on trade in a certain region

Slave Rebellions

Usually unsuccessful because of language barriers, fear, risk

Asante

West African Kingdom that profited from the slave trade and expanded as a result of European guns

Divine Right of Kings

European belief that the king received power from God to rule

Columbian Exchange on afro-Eurasia

New foods like potatoes- increase in population; Migration of people to the americas.