Psychology 2000 Final Exam

Wundt is to __, as James is to ___.

Structuralism, Functionalism

A psychologist who uses psychoanalysis to understand the cause of your abnormal behavior is probably a __, while on who tries to help you deal with your problems to function in daily life is probably a ___.

Clinical Psychologist, Counseling Psychologist

What is the only way in which cause can be stated?

Experiment

The peripheral nervous system consists of nerves ___.

Not in the brain or the spinal cord

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Control and coordinates motor movements

Where is the visual cortex located?

The Occipital lobe

What is perception?

Interpretation and understanding of sensory information

The color of light is determined by what?

Wavelength

Cones are ___ than rods.

Less light sensitive and more color sensitive

What is commonly known as the eardrum?

Tympanic membrane

The awareness of your cognitive processes

Consciousness

Mental activity that is not the same quality as waking consciousness

Altered state of consciousness

Activation-Information-Mode Model of Dreams

Information accessed during waking hours can influence dreams

Which of the following could benefit from hypnosis?

Pain relief

What's an example of negative reinforcement?

Taking an Advil for your headache

Olivia spilled her cereal so her parents spanked her and sent her to her room. Later that day, the puppy peed on the floor so she kicked it and put it outside. What was she doing?

Recreating the behavior modeled by her parents

___ is keeping the information in the memory, while ___ is getting the information out of the memory.

Storage, Retrieval

___ allows us to determine which information will enter short term memory. But, it also causes us to miss some pretty big stimuli such as a gorilla running across the screen

Selective Attention

Kaylee has been reviewing for her final exam weekly. She tries to put the information from her textbook into her long-term memory by relating the information to events from her personal life. What technique is she using?

Elaborative Rehearsal

A witness on the stand swears that she saw the suspect commit the crime. Should you believe her?

No because confidence does not mean correct recall

A dog named Axon learns by trial and error how to open the pantry door and get into his food. How does the dog learn this?

Cognitive learning

There is a loose screw on the visor, causing it to fall while Ben is driving. Ben pulls a dime out of his back pocket and uses it to fix his visor. Ben overcame what?

Functional fixedness

Jenny weighs herself every morning and she always weighs the same. But when she went to the doctor, who has the best standard scale, she weighed 5 more pounds than she thought. Her scale at home had what?

Reliability not validity

Jim created a test. It has reliability if...

The person taking the test gets around the same sore each time they take it

A gene that actively controls the expression of that gene

Dominant

Paul and Sally are twins that were conceived by two different eggs being fertilized by two different sperm. What kind of twins are they?

Dizygotic

A baby enjoys playing peek-a-boo because they do not have a sense of __, and therefore are in Piaget's ___ stage.

Object permanence, sensorimotor

According to Erikson, the major conflict of middle adulthood is ___.

Generativity vs. Stagnation

The "feeling" aspect of consciousness is ___.

Emotion

When the ___ was removed or disabled, researches found that rats began to perform tasks that they were too scared to before such as grabbing food from a robot

Amygdala

What theory of emotion explains this thought, "I'm shaking because I am afraid"?

Common Sense Theory

What is the modulation of one's emotional response when it is inappropriate, unwanted or excessive, so as to ensure goal relevant behavior.

Emotional Regulation

What is the difference between compliance and conformity?

Compliance is a change in behavior as a result of direct instruction; conformity is change in behavior as a result of indirect social pressure

What is a sense of tension as result of when a person's behavior does not correspond to that person's attitude?

Cognitive dissonance

A social psychologist would call the tendency to attribute someone else's behavior to their personal disposition and underestimate the effect of the situation what?

Fundamental Attribution Error

Prejudice is to discrimination as __ is to __.

Attitude; Behavior

What is the tendency of the body to "maintain stable conditions"?

Homeostasis

Confirmation bias is when someone looks for evidence that...

Supports their predispositions

Which view looks at abnormal behavior as a result of illogical thoughts?

Cognitive

Dr. Yugo has a new patient. When diagnosing this new patient with a psychological disorder, Dr. Yugo would likely refer to what?

Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders

What is an irrational fear of some object or specific situation?

Specific phobia

What is the fear of being in a place from which escape is difficult or impossible?

Agarophobia

Ryan constantly worries about money, his job, and his dog. He probably has what?

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

___ are intruding thoughts that reoccur, ___ are ritualistic behaviors.

Obsessions; Compulsions

Veterans commonly suffer from this. They have anxiety, nightmares, and sleep disturbances up to years after they return home. What is this?

PTSD

A girl is extremely scared of being "fat" and barely eats enough to survive. She probably has...?

Anorexia Nervosa

Which of the following are negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

Flat affect and apathy

Tim is very charming and uses people for personal gain. He constantly lies and claims that other people's ideas are his own. He blames his mistakes on others and feels no remorse in doing so. He probably has a __ personality disorder.

Antisocial

___ main goal is in helping people to gain insight on their behavior, thoughts, and feelings.

Insight

One aspect of Freud's psychoanalysis is ___.

Dream Interpretation

Which of the following is not a basic element of Roger's person-centered-therapy?

Direction

Emmie has an irrational fear of elevators. Her therapist makes her do some kind of hierarchy of fear or something and explain her fears. At each step the therapist tells her to relax. What process is the therapist using?

Systematic Desensitation

Vincent is terrified of dogs. His therapist begins by placing Vincent face to face with a dog behind a glass wall and ends with the dog eating from Vincent's hand. At no step of the way does the therapist tell Vincent to relax or hold back his responses. What type of therapy is this?

Exposure Therapy

What type of therapy identifies the distorted thinking and works to change it?

Cognitive Therapy

What is selective thinking?

Focusing only on one negative aspect of a situation and ignoring any other important facts

What are antipsychotic drugs used to treat?

Delusions, hallucinations, and other bizarre behavior

Elijah has makor depressive disorder and extreme suicidal thoughts. The drugs normally used to treat depression have no effect on him. What could be used to try and treat Elijah?

ECT

Which of the following involves attaching electrodes to a person and administering an electric current strong enough to cause seizures to treat real depression?

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Both Parkinson's and schizophrenia involve an imbalance in ___.

Dopamine