Population and Demographics

Population Pyramid

A graphical representation of the age and sex distribution of a population.

Population Density

The number of individuals per unit of area in a population.

Infant Mortality Rate

The number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births in a given year.

Life Expectancy

The average number of years a person is expected to live, usually from birth.

Migration

The movement of individuals from one place to another with the intention of settling permanently or temporarily.

Globalization

The process of increased interconnectedness and interdependence among countries through the exchange of goods, services, information, and ideas.

Total Fertility Rate

The average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime if she were to experience the current age-specific fertility rates throughout her reproductive years.

Green Revolution

A period of significant agricultural advancements, including the development and adoption of high-yielding crop varieties, improved irrigation techniques, and use of fertilizers and pesticides.

Birth Rate/Death Rate

The number of live births/deaths per 1,000 individuals in a population in a given year.

Carrying Capacity

The maximum number of individuals of a species that can be supported by a particular habitat or ecosystem sustainably.

Demographic Transition

The process of change in a population's birth and death rates, typically accompanying industrialization and economic development.

Pandemic

An outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects an exceptionally high proportion of the population.

More Developed Country

A country with a highly developed economy and advanced technological infrastructure.

Less Developed Country

A country with a lower level of economic development and technological advancement compared to more developed countries.

Megacity

A city with a population of over 10 million people.

Urbanization

The process of population concentration in cities, resulting in the growth of urban areas.