Roman Art and Archaeology
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89 Terms
Bionical Cinerary Urn
Material/Medium: Ceramic
Location: Tombs of the Gambrinus in Brussels, Belgium
Date: 9th-8th century BCE
Significance:
Funerary Urn: Hut
Material/Medium: Impasto with paint
Location: Etruria
Date: 8th century BCE
Significance: Shows that Etruscans believed in an afterlife and that their deceased loved ones would be able to live in this house in the afterlife
Gold Fibulae
Material/Medium: Gold
Location: Regolini-Galassi Tomb
Date: 7th century BCE
Significance: Excessive wealth buried with the deceased. Showed that this was a wealthy and advanced civilization to be able to make the gold fibulae, and they believed that their deceased loved ones could take their mortal wealth with them to the afterlife.
Hunting and Fishing Painting
Material/Medium: Paint on stone
Location: Tarquinia Tomb
Date: 6th century BCE
Significance:
Banqueting Scene
Material/Medium: Paint on Stone
Location: Tomb of the Leopards
Date: 5th century BCE
Significance:
Sarcophagus of the Married Couple
Material/Medium: Terracotta
Location: Cerveteri
Date: 6th century BCE
Significance:
Sarcophagus: Front Lid with Embracing Couple
Material/Medium: Tufa
Location: Vulci
Date: 4th century BCE
Significance:
Sarcophagus of Laris Peluna
Material/Medium: Nenfro stone
Location: Monterozzi, Tarquinia
Date: 3rd century BCE
Significance:
“Immolation of Trojan Prisoners”
Material/Medium: Paint on stone
Location: Vulci Francois Tomb, Rome
Date: 4th century BCE
Significance:
“Vel Saties and Dwarf”
Material/Medium: Paint on stone
Location: Vulci Francois Tomb, Rome
Date: 4th century BCE
Significance: Depiction of specific individuals in Etruscan art relates to Roman portraiture.
Statue of Apollo
Material/Medium: Terracotta
Location: Portonaccio Temple, Veii
Date: 509 BCE
Significance:
Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus Plan
Material/Medium: Tufa stone
Location: Capitoline Hill
Date: 6th century BCE
Significance:
Temple of Hercules Victor
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Rome
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance:
Temple of Fortuna Virilis
Material/Medium: Tufa and limestone
Location: Forum Boarium
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance:
Temple of Vesta
Material/Medium: Tufa
Location: Tivoli
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance:
Sanctuary of Fortuna
Material/Medium: Stone
Location: Praeneste
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance:
Nile Mosaic
Material/Medium: Tiny, colored bits of stone
Location: Sanctuary of Fortuna
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance: Shows how multi-cultural this culture was because this depicts Egyptian landscape with Greek labels for the animals but it was made by Romans
Canopic Urn
Material/Medium: Terracotta
Location: Chiusi
Date: 6th century BCE
Significance:
Portrait of Brutus
Material/Medium: Bronze
Location: Rome
Date: 3rd century BCE
Significance: Mix of cultural influences make it hard to determine the style. Realistic age and experience, but less verism. Style is somewhere in between Roman and Etruscan
Fresco fragment
Material/Medium: Fresco
Location: Tomb of the Esquiline, Rome
Date: 3rd century BCE
Significance: Peace and war right next to each other
“First Long Ride” Frieze
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Aemilius Paulus Monument, Delphi
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance:
Procession of Poseidon and Amphitrite (Paris Relief)
Material/Medium: Marble relief
Location: Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus, Rome
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance:
Munich Relief
Material/Medium: Marble relief
Location: Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus, Rome
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance:
Statue of Aule Metele
Material/Medium: Bronze
Location: Florence
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance: Born Etruscan with Etruscan name, but wearing Roman boots and robe. Shows how Etruscans integrated into Roman culture
Portrait Bust of Roman Man
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Palazzo Torlonia, Rome
Date: 1st century BCE
Significance:
Heroized statue of a Roman
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Delos
Date: 1st century BCE
Significance: Old face to show wisdom, young body to show strength
Statue of a Roman General
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Tivoli
Date: 1st century BCE
Significance: NOT naked (means it’s Roman), old face to show wisdom but young body to show strength
Samnite House
Material/Medium: Stone with first-style paintings
Location: Herculaneum
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance:
Painted Wall Decoration
Material/Medium: Painted stone
Location: Samnite House, Herculaneum
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance: 1st style
House of the Faun Plan
Material/Medium: Brick, stone, limestone
Location: Pompeii
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance: Exsquisite art, shows how wealthy ancient Romans lived
Dionysos as a child on a tiger
Material/Medium: Mosaic
Location: House of the Faun, Pompeii
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance: Respect for Dionysos, myth, telling a story in art
Nile Scene
Material/Medium: Mosaic
Location: House of the Faun, Pompeii
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance:
Battle of Issos/Battle between Alexander the Great and King Darius
Material/Medium: Mosaic
Location: House of the Faun, Pompeii
Date: 2nd century BCE
Significance:
Cubiculum with wall frescos
Material/Medium: Fresco
Location: House of the Griffins, Rome
Date: First half of 1st century BCE
Significance: Second style
Cubiculum with double alcove
Material/Medium: Fresco
Location: Villa of Mysteries, Pompeii
Date: First half of 1st century BCE
Significance: Second style
Dionystic Frieze
Material/Medium: Paint on stone
Location: Villa of Mysteries
Date: First half of 1st century BCE
Significance: Lots
Cubiculum (bedroom)
Material/Medium: Paint on stone
Location: Villa of P. Fannius at Boscoreale
Date: Second half of 1st century BCE
Significance: 2nd style
Odyssey Frieze
Material/Medium: Paint on stone
Location: Esquiline Hill, Rome
Date: Second half of 1st century BCE
Significance: Second style, made to look Greek but it’s not Greek because of atmospheric persective. Probably not copied
Theatre of Pompey
Material/Medium: Stone, concrete, brick
Location: Rome
Date: 59 BCE
Significance:
Forum Iulium
Material/Medium: Concrete, stone, brick
Location: Rome
Date: Second half of 1st century BCE
Significance:
Temple of Caesar
Material/Medium: Stone, concrete
Location: Roman Forum, Rome
Date: 29 BCE
Significance:
Basilica Aemilia
Material/Medium: Stone (tuff, limestone, marble)
Location: Rome
Date: Second half of 1st century BCE
Significance:
Punishment of Tarpeia
Material/Medium: Stone frieze
Location: Basilica Aemilia
Date: Second half of 1st century BCE
Significance:
Theatre of Marcellus
Material/Medium: Tufa, cement
Location: Rome
Date: Second half of 1st century BCE
Significance:
Triumphal Procession Frieze
Material/Medium: Stone frieze
Location: Temple of Apollo Sosianus, Rome
Date: Second half of 1st century BCE
Significance:
Head of Pompey
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Rome
Date: Circa 50 BCE
Significance:
Denarius of Sextus Pompey
Material/Medium: Silver
Location: Rome
Date: Second half of 1st century BCE
Significance:
Head of Julius Caesar
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Rome
Date: Second half of 1st century BCE
Significance:
Denarius of Julius Caesar
Material/Medium: Silver
Location: Rome
Date: Second half of 1st century BCE
Significance:
Gaius Julius Caesar Denarius
Material/Medium: Silver
Location: Rome
Date: Second half of 1st century BCE
Significance:
Head of Augustus (3/4 view)
Material/Medium: Bronze
Location: Meroe
Date: First half of first century CE
Significance:
Augustus as Imperator/Prima Porta Augustus
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Rome
Date: 14 CE- Death of Augustus
Significance:
Mausoleum of Augustus
Material/Medium: Brick, concrete
Location: Rome
Date: Second half of first century BCE
Significance:
Ara Pacis Augustae
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Rome
Date: 13/9 BCE
Significance:
Tellus Panel, east wall
Material/Medium: Marble relief
Location: Ara Pacis Augustae
Date: 13/9 BCE
Significance:
Empress Livia
Material/Medium: Basanite
Location: Rome
Date: First half of first century CE
Significance:
Attic story of portico
Material/Medium: Stone
Location: Forum of Augustus
Date: 2 BCE
Significance:
Late Second Style Wall Painting
Material/Medium: Paint on stone
Location: House of Augustus, Palatine Hill, Rome
Date: Second half of first century BCE
Significance:
Room 16: North Wall
Material/Medium: Paint on stone
Location: Villa of Agrippa Postumus, Boscotrecase
Date: Circa 10 BCE
Significance:
Sacrificial Procession
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Rome, Ara Pacis Augustae
Date: 13/9 BCE
Significance:
Gemma Augustea
Material/Medium: Sardonyx
Location: Rome
Date: First half of first century CE
Significance:
Grand Cameo de France
Material/Medium: Sardonyx
Location: Rome
Date: First half of first century CE
Significance:
Ara Pietatis Relief Fragment
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Ara Pietatis/Villa Medici, Rome
Date: First half of first century
Significance:
Gemma Claudia
Material/Medium: Sardonyx cameo
Location: Rome
Date: First half of first century CE
Significance:
Portrait Head of Agrippina the Younger
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Rome
Date: First half of first century CE
Significance:
Emperor Claudius in the Guise of Jupiter
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Lanuvium
Date: First half of first century CE
Significance:
Portrait Head of Nero
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Rome
Date: Second half of first century CE
Significance:
Octagonal Hall
Material/Medium: Concrete
Location: Domus Aurea, Rome
Date: Second half of first century CE
Significance:
Room of the Landscapes
Material/Medium: Paint on stone
Location: Domus Aurea, Rome
Date: Second half of first century CE
Significance:
Room of Ixion, House of Vettii
Material/Medium: Paint on stone
Location: House of Vettii, Pompeii
Date: Second half of first century CE
Significance:
Portrait Head of Emperor Vespasian
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Rome
Date: Second half of first century CE
Significance:
Arch of Titus
Material/Medium: Concrete, marble
Location: Forum Romanorum, Rome
Date: 79 CE
Significance:
Arch of Titus Relief
Material/Medium: Concrete, marble
Location: Arch of Titus, Rome
Date: 79 CE
Significance:
Domus Augustana
Material/Medium: Concrete, marble
Location: Palatine Hill, Rome
Date: 81 CE
Significance:
Palace of Domitian
Material/Medium: Concrete, marble
Location: Rome
Date: 81-92 CE
Significance:
Adventus of Domitian, Cancelleria Relief
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Palazzo della Cancelleria, Rome
Date: Second half of first century CE
Significance:
Portrait Bust of Flavian Lady
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Rome
Date: Second half of first century CE
Significance:
Tomb of the Baker Marcus
Material/Medium: Stone, concrete
Location: Rome
Date: 50-20 BCE
Significance:
Maison Caree
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Nimes, France
Date: ~4 CE
Significance:
Villa of Livia
Material/Medium: Fresco
Location: Primaporte
Date: 30-20 BCE
Significance:
Funerary Relief Monument
Material/Medium: Limestone
Location: Rome?
Date: 50-10 BCE
Significance:
Arch of Tiberius
Material/Medium: Stone and concrete
Location: Orange, France
Date: ~26 CE
Significance:
Sebasteion
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Aphrodisias/Turkey
Date: 14-54 CE
Significance:
Sebasteion Relief
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Sebasteion at Aphrodisias/Turkey
Date: 14-54 CE
Significance:
Nero and Agrippina
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Turkey
Date: 1st centuryh CE
Significance:
Domus Aurea/Octagonal Hall
Material/Medium: Brick faced concrete
Location: Rome
Date: 64-68 CE
Significance:
Colosseum
Material/Medium: Concrete and stone
Location: Rome
Date: 80 CE
Significance:
Colosseum Vaulted Walkway
Material/Medium: Concrete and stone
Location: Rome
Date: 80 CE
Significance:
Tomb of the Haterii Relief
Material/Medium: Marble
Location: Rome, Tomb of the Haterii
Date: 80-90 CE
Significance: