Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Any carboxylic acid derivative can become a carboxylic acid if what is added?

Water

What reagents do I need to go from a carboxylic acid to an acid chloride?

SOCl2 - thionyl chloride

What are the byproducts of creating an acid halide from a carboxylic acid?

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and Cl- (ion)

How can I make an acid anhydride? 

2 Carboxylic acids (with a water side product)

1) Carboxylic Acid to Ester

NaOH (base), and alkyl halide

2) Carboxylic Acid to Ester

Heat, acid (catalyst), R-OH

3) Carboxylic Acid to Ester

Diazomethane

How to create amides from acid halides?

NH3

How to create amides from esters?

NH3

How to create esters from acid halides?

ROH

What is another way to made anhydrides using acid halides? 

carboxylate anion

How to create amides from carboxylic acids? (hint - good for peptide bond synthesis!)

DCC, R-NH2 (coupling reaction)

How to make ester from acid anhydride?

ROH

How to make ester from acid chloride?

ROH

What is another way to make amides?

nitriles (in acidic conditions - H3O+/H2O)