CompTIA A+ Core 1 (Exam 220-1201) Module 6: Configuring Network Addressing and Internet Connections

Vocabulary flashcards covering Internet connection types, TCP/IP concepts, network communications, protocols, ports, and network configuration concepts for CompTIA A+ Core 1 Exam 220-1201.

Modem

A device that establishes a connection between a router's WAN interface and an ISP.

Asymmetric DSL

A Digital Subscriber Line configuration that provides faster download speeds than upload speeds.

Symmetric DSL

A Digital Subscriber Line configuration that provides the same upload and download speeds.

Filter/Splitter

A DSL component used to separate voice and data signals over a copper two-pair line.

DOCSIS

Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification, used by cable TV networks over coaxial cable with F-type connectors.

FTTC

Fiber to the Curb; a network architecture where fiber optic cable runs to a curb and copper cabling connects into the facility or home.

FTTP

Fiber to the Premises; a network architecture where full fiber optic cable runs directly into the facility or home.

Optical Network Terminal

An ONT; a device used in fiber optic installations to terminate the optical line at the customer site.

Fixed Wireless Internet Access

An Internet connection method utilizing geostationary orbital satellites, Low Earth Orbital (LEO) satellites, or Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISPs) for long range Wi-Fi connectivity.

Access Control List

An ACL; a list of rules in a firewall used to allow or deny network traffic based on packet header information such as IP, MAC, protocol, and port.

Link or Network Interface Layer

The TCP/IP layer responsible for local network segment communications using MAC addresses and Protocol Data Units (PDUs) called frames.

Internet Layer

The TCP/IP layer responsible for communication between network segments using IP addresses and Protocol Data Units (PDUs) called packets.

Transport Layer

The TCP/IP layer responsible for end-to-end communication using TCP or UDP protocols and Protocol Data Units (PDUs) called segments.

Application Layer

The TCP/IP layer that provides high-level functionality for communications using Protocol Data Units (PDUs) called data.

Class A Private IP Range

The private IPv4 address range from 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 with default subnet mask 255.0.0.0 and prefix /8.

Class B Private IP Range

The private IPv4 address range from 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 with default subnet mask 255.255.0.0 and prefix /16.

Class C Private IP Range

The private IPv4 address range from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 with default subnet mask 255.255.255.0 and prefix /24.

APIPA

Automatic Private IP Addressing; automatically assigns an IP address in the range 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.254 when a DHCP server is unavailable.

IPv6 Address Structure

A 128-bit address formatted in hexadecimal notation consisting of eight 16-bit values separated by colons, typically split into a 64-bit Network ID and a 64-bit Interface ID.

Dual Stacking

A networking method where nodes concurrently run both IPv4 and IPv6 protocol stacks.

Transmission Control Protocol

TCP; a connection-oriented transport protocol that provides guaranteed delivery through control flags and a three-way handshake (SYN, SYN/ACK, ACK).

User Datagram Protocol

UDP; a connectionless transport protocol that delivers data without guaranteed delivery, sequencing, or acknowledgments.

Port 20 / Port 21

Well-known network ports used by File Transfer Protocol (FTP).

Port 22

Well-known network port used by Secure Shell (SSH).

Port 23

Well-known network port used by Telnet.

Port 25

Well-known network port used by Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP).

Port 53

Well-known network port used by Domain Name System (DNS).

Ports 67 / 68

Well-known network ports used by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).

Port 80

Well-known network port used by Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).

Port 110

Well-known network port used by Post Office Protocol v3 (POP3).

Ports 137-139

Well-known network ports used by NetBIOS.

Port 143

Well-known network port used by Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP).

Port 389

Well-known network port used by Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP).

Port 443

Well-known network port used by Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS).

Port 445

Well-known network port used by Server Message Block (SMB).

Port 3389

Well-known network port used by Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP).

DORA Process

The four-step DHCP lease negotiation sequence consisting of Discover, Offer, Request, and Acknowledge.

PTR Record

A DNS record type used for Reverse A/AAAA lookups to map an IP address to a domain name.

DNS Spam Management Records

Email validation mechanisms including Sender Policy Framework (SPF), DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM), and DMARC.

Virtual LAN

VLAN; a network feature implemented on switches to split broadcast domains, increase performance, enhance security, and control node-to-node communication.

Virtual Private Network

VPN; a secure remote connection method that creates an encrypted tunnel for traffic traversing unsecure networks like public Wi-Fi.