Anatomy 2040 Lab Midterm

Anatomical language, Axial skeleton, Appendicular skeleton, Joint stucture, Functional anatomy, Muscles I, Muscles II

fissure

narrow slit or cleft in bone

vertebral column

meatus

tube like passageway or opening

fossa

shallow depression

condyle

smooth, rounded articular process

ramus

small branch

spine

pointed process

epicondyle

roughened projection above condyle

line

long, narrow ridge or border

spinous process

sharp, slender projection

trochanter

very large projection

tubercle

variably sized rounded projection

tuberosity

variably sized projection that has a rough, bumpy surface

frontal bone

parietal bone

palatine bone

zygomatic bone

vomer

carotid foramen

styloid process

mastoid process

foramen magnum

olfactory foramina

cribriform plate

internal auditory meatus

coronal suture

saggital suture

lambdoid suture

squamous suture

hyoid bone

cervical vertebrae

top seven

thoracic vertebrae

middle twelve

spinous process of vertebrae

transverse process of vertebrae

lamina of vertebrae

pedicle of vertebrae

vertebral body

axis

C2

dens/odontoid process

axis

transverse foramen (only in cervical)

sacrum

base of sacrum

apex of sacrum

sacral foramina

sacral canal

superior articular facet of sacrum

coccyx

sternum

manubrium of sternum

body of sternum

xiphoid process

true ribs

false ribs

floating ribs

trapezius

either of a pair of large triangular muscles extending over the back of the neck and shoulders and moving the head and shoulder blade

pectoralis minor

depresses the point of the shoulder, drawing the scapula inferior and medial, towards the thorax, and throwing its inferior angle posteriorly.

internal intercostals

Fix intercostal spaces during espiration. Aids forced inspiration by elevating ribs

serratus anterior

originate on the upper eight ribs and insert into the medial border of the scapula.

They stabilize the shoulder blades and when flexed will spread the ribs for an inhale

deltoid

each of the three parts of a deltoid muscle, attached at the front, side, and rear of the shoulder.

pectoralis major

Extends the arm at the shoulder joint from a flexed position.

rectus abdominis

each of a pair of long flat muscles at the front of the abdomen, joining the sternum to the pubis and acting to bend the whole body forward or sideways.

linea alba

band of connective tissue

aponeurosis of external oblique

sheetlike tendon

trapezius

either of a pair of large triangular muscles extending over the back of the neck and shoulders and moving the head and shoulder blade.

levator scapulae

is located at the side and back of the neck. It is one component of the muscle system of the shoulder. Its primary function is to lift the scapula

rhomboid major

connects the scapula with the vertebrae of the spinal column.

latissimus dorsi

the larger, flat, dorso-lateral muscle on the trunk, posterior to the arm, and partly covered by the trapezius on its median dorsal region.

supraspinatus

one of the four rotator cuff muscles and also abducts the arm at the shoulder

infraspinatus

thick triangular muscle, which occupies the chief part of the infraspinatous fossa.[1] As one of the four muscles of the rotator cuff, the main function of the infraspinatus is to externally rotate the humerus and stabilize the shoulder joint.

teres minor

narrow, elongated muscle of the rotator cuff.

teres major

muscle of the upper limb and one of seven scapulohumeral muscles

Origin

Insertion

Prime movers

Antagonist

Synergist

Fixators

rectus abdominis

trunk flexion

internal intercostals

depress ribs

external intercostals

elevates ribs

diaphragm

contracts and flattens, increasing the vertical diameter of the thoracic cavity

illiocostalis

trunk extension

longissimus

trunk extension

spinalis

trunk extension

rectus femoris

knee extension

vastus lateralis

extends knee

vastus medialis

extends knee

vastus intermedius

extends knee

sartorius

Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at the hip

flexes knee

adductor longus

adduction of hip

adductor brevis

adduction of hip

adductor magnus

hip adduction

gracilis

adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

tensor fasciae latae

flexes and abducts thigh

biceps femoris

flexes knee

semitendinosus

flexes knee

semimembranosus

flexes knee

gluteus maximus

extension of hip

gluteus medius

abduction of hip

gluteus minimus

adbucts hip